26 KiB
How to use the client-server API
This guide focuses on how the client-server APIs provided by the reference home server can be used. Since this is specific to a home server implementation, there may be variations in relation to registering/logging in which are not covered in extensive detail in this guide.
If you haven't already, get a home server up and running on
http://localhost:8008.
Accounts
Before you can send and receive messages, you must register for an account. If you already have an account, you must login into it.
Registration
The aim of registration is to get a user ID and access token which you will need when accessing other APIs:
curl -XPOST -d '{"user_id":"example", "password":"wordpass"}' "http://localhost:8008/_matrix/client/api/v1/register"
{
"access_token": "QGV4YW1wbGU6bG9jYWxob3N0.AqdSzFmFYrLrTmteXc",
"home_server": "localhost",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
}NB: If a user_id is not specified, one will be randomly
generated for you. If you do not specify a password, you
will be unable to login to the account if you forget the
access_token.
Implementation note: The matrix specification does not enforce how users register with a server. It just specifies the URL path and absolute minimum keys. The reference home server uses a username/password to authenticate user, but other home servers may use different methods.
Login
The aim when logging in is to get an access token for your existing user ID:
curl -XGET "http://localhost:8008/_matrix/client/api/v1/login"
{
"flows": [
{
"type": "m.login.password"
}
]
}
curl -XPOST -d '{"type":"m.login.password", "user":"example", "password":"wordpass"}' "http://localhost:8008/_matrix/client/api/v1/login"
{
"access_token": "QGV4YW1wbGU6bG9jYWxob3N0.vRDLTgxefmKWQEtgGd",
"home_server": "localhost",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
}Implementation note: Different home servers may implement different
methods for logging in to an existing account. In order to check that
you know how to login to this home server, you must perform a
GET first and make sure you recognise the login type. If
you do not know how to login, you can GET /login/fallback
which will return a basic webpage which you can use to login. The
reference home server implementation support username/password login,
but other home servers may support different login methods (e.g.
OAuth2).
Communicating
In order to communicate with another user, you must create a room with that user and send a message to that room.
Creating a room
If you want to send a message to someone, you have to be in a room with them. To create a room:
curl -XPOST -d '{"room_alias_name":"tutorial"}' "http://localhost:8008/_matrix/client/api/v1/createRoom?access_token=YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN"
{
"room_alias": "#tutorial:localhost",
"room_id": "!CvcvRuDYDzTOzfKKgh:localhost"
}The "room alias" is a human-readable string which can be shared with other users so they can join a room, rather than the room ID which is a randomly generated string. You can have multiple room aliases per room.
Sending messages
You can now send messages to this room:
curl -XPOST -d '{"msgtype":"m.text", "body":"hello"}' "http://localhost:8008/_matrix/client/api/v1/rooms/%21CvcvRuDYDzTOzfKKgh%3Alocalhost/send/m.room.message?access_token=YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN"
{
"event_id": "YUwRidLecu"
}The event ID returned is a unique ID which identifies this message.
NB: There are no limitations to the types of messages which can be
exchanged. The only requirement is that "msgtype" is
specified. The Matrix specification outlines the following standard
types: m.text, m.image, m.audio,
m.video, m.location, m.emote. See
the specification for more information on these types.
Users and rooms
Each room can be configured to allow or disallow certain rules. In particular, these rules may specify if you require an invitation from someone already in the room in order to join the room. In addition, you may also be able to join a room via a room alias if one was set up.
Inviting a user to a room
You can directly invite a user to a room like so:
curl -XPOST -d '{"user_id":"@myfriend:localhost"}' "http://localhost:8008/_matrix/client/api/v1/rooms/%21CvcvRuDYDzTOzfKKgh%3Alocalhost/invite?access_token=YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN"This informs @myfriend:localhost of the room ID
!CvcvRuDYDzTOzfKKgh:localhost and allows them to join the
room.
Joining a room via an invite
If you receive an invite, you can join the room:
curl -XPOST -d '{}' "http://localhost:8008/_matrix/client/api/v1/rooms/%21CvcvRuDYDzTOzfKKgh%3Alocalhost/join?access_token=YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN"NB: Only the person invited (@myfriend:localhost) can
change the membership state to "join". Repeatedly joining a
room does nothing.
Joining a room via an alias
Alternatively, if you know the room alias for this room and the room config allows it, you can directly join a room via the alias:
curl -XPOST -d '{}' "http://localhost:8008/_matrix/client/api/v1/join/%23tutorial%3Alocalhost?access_token=YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN"
{
"room_id": "!CvcvRuDYDzTOzfKKgh:localhost"
}You will need to use the room ID when sending messages, not the room alias.
NB: If the room is configured to be an invite-only room, you will still require an invite in order to join the room even though you know the room alias. As a result, it is more common to see a room alias in relation to a public room, which do not require invitations.
Getting events
An event is some interesting piece of data that a client may be interested in. It can be a message in a room, a room invite, etc. There are many different ways of getting events, depending on what the client already knows.
Getting all state
If the client doesn't know any information on the rooms the user is invited/joined on, they can get all the user's state for all rooms:
curl -XGET "http://localhost:8008/_matrix/client/api/v1/initialSync?access_token=YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN"
{
"end": "s39_18_0",
"presence": [
{
"content": {
"last_active_ago": 1061436,
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
"type": "m.presence"
}
],
"rooms": [
{
"membership": "join",
"messages": {
"chunk": [
{
"content": {
"@example:localhost": 10,
"default": 0
},
"event_id": "wAumPSTsWF",
"required_power_level": 10,
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "",
"ts": 1409665585188,
"type": "m.room.power_levels",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"join_rule": "public"
},
"event_id": "jrLVqKHKiI",
"required_power_level": 10,
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "",
"ts": 1409665585188,
"type": "m.room.join_rules",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"level": 10
},
"event_id": "WpmTgsNWUZ",
"required_power_level": 10,
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "",
"ts": 1409665585188,
"type": "m.room.add_state_level",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"level": 0
},
"event_id": "qUMBJyKsTQ",
"required_power_level": 10,
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "",
"ts": 1409665585188,
"type": "m.room.send_event_level",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"ban_level": 5,
"kick_level": 5
},
"event_id": "YAaDmKvoUW",
"required_power_level": 10,
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "",
"ts": 1409665585188,
"type": "m.room.ops_levels",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"avatar_url": null,
"displayname": null,
"membership": "join"
},
"event_id": "RJbPMtCutf",
"membership": "join",
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "@example:localhost",
"ts": 1409665586730,
"type": "m.room.member",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"body": "hello",
"hsob_ts": 1409665660439,
"msgtype": "m.text"
},
"event_id": "YUwRidLecu",
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"ts": 1409665660439,
"type": "m.room.message",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"membership": "invite"
},
"event_id": "YjNuBKnPsb",
"membership": "invite",
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "@myfriend:localhost",
"ts": 1409666426819,
"type": "m.room.member",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"avatar_url": null,
"displayname": null,
"membership": "join",
"prev": "join"
},
"event_id": "KWwdDjNZnm",
"membership": "join",
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "@example:localhost",
"ts": 1409666551582,
"type": "m.room.member",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"avatar_url": null,
"displayname": null,
"membership": "join"
},
"event_id": "JFLVteSvQc",
"membership": "join",
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "@example:localhost",
"ts": 1409666587265,
"type": "m.room.member",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
}
],
"end": "s39_18_0",
"start": "t1-11_18_0"
},
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state": [
{
"content": {
"creator": "@example:localhost"
},
"event_id": "dMUoqVTZca",
"required_power_level": 10,
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "",
"ts": 1409665585188,
"type": "m.room.create",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"@example:localhost": 10,
"default": 0
},
"event_id": "wAumPSTsWF",
"required_power_level": 10,
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "",
"ts": 1409665585188,
"type": "m.room.power_levels",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"join_rule": "public"
},
"event_id": "jrLVqKHKiI",
"required_power_level": 10,
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "",
"ts": 1409665585188,
"type": "m.room.join_rules",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"level": 10
},
"event_id": "WpmTgsNWUZ",
"required_power_level": 10,
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "",
"ts": 1409665585188,
"type": "m.room.add_state_level",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"level": 0
},
"event_id": "qUMBJyKsTQ",
"required_power_level": 10,
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "",
"ts": 1409665585188,
"type": "m.room.send_event_level",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"ban_level": 5,
"kick_level": 5
},
"event_id": "YAaDmKvoUW",
"required_power_level": 10,
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "",
"ts": 1409665585188,
"type": "m.room.ops_levels",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"membership": "invite"
},
"event_id": "YjNuBKnPsb",
"membership": "invite",
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "@myfriend:localhost",
"ts": 1409666426819,
"type": "m.room.member",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"avatar_url": null,
"displayname": null,
"membership": "join"
},
"event_id": "JFLVteSvQc",
"membership": "join",
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "@example:localhost",
"ts": 1409666587265,
"type": "m.room.member",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
}
]
}
]
}This returns all the room information the user is invited/joined on,
as well as all of the presences relevant for these rooms. This can be a
LOT of data. You may just want the most recent event for each room. This
can be achieved by applying query parameters to limit this
request:
curl -XGET "http://localhost:8008/_matrix/client/api/v1/initialSync?limit=1&access_token=YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN"
{
"end": "s39_18_0",
"presence": [
{
"content": {
"last_active_ago": 1279484,
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
"type": "m.presence"
}
],
"rooms": [
{
"membership": "join",
"messages": {
"chunk": [
{
"content": {
"avatar_url": null,
"displayname": null,
"membership": "join"
},
"event_id": "JFLVteSvQc",
"membership": "join",
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "@example:localhost",
"ts": 1409666587265,
"type": "m.room.member",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
}
],
"end": "s39_18_0",
"start": "t10-30_18_0"
},
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state": [
{
"content": {
"creator": "@example:localhost"
},
"event_id": "dMUoqVTZca",
"required_power_level": 10,
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "",
"ts": 1409665585188,
"type": "m.room.create",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"@example:localhost": 10,
"default": 0
},
"event_id": "wAumPSTsWF",
"required_power_level": 10,
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "",
"ts": 1409665585188,
"type": "m.room.power_levels",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"join_rule": "public"
},
"event_id": "jrLVqKHKiI",
"required_power_level": 10,
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "",
"ts": 1409665585188,
"type": "m.room.join_rules",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"level": 10
},
"event_id": "WpmTgsNWUZ",
"required_power_level": 10,
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "",
"ts": 1409665585188,
"type": "m.room.add_state_level",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"level": 0
},
"event_id": "qUMBJyKsTQ",
"required_power_level": 10,
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "",
"ts": 1409665585188,
"type": "m.room.send_event_level",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"ban_level": 5,
"kick_level": 5
},
"event_id": "YAaDmKvoUW",
"required_power_level": 10,
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "",
"ts": 1409665585188,
"type": "m.room.ops_levels",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"membership": "invite"
},
"event_id": "YjNuBKnPsb",
"membership": "invite",
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "@myfriend:localhost",
"ts": 1409666426819,
"type": "m.room.member",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
},
{
"content": {
"avatar_url": null,
"displayname": null,
"membership": "join"
},
"event_id": "JFLVteSvQc",
"membership": "join",
"room_id": "!MkDbyRqnvTYnoxjLYx:localhost",
"state_key": "@example:localhost",
"ts": 1409666587265,
"type": "m.room.member",
"user_id": "@example:localhost"
}
]
}
]
}Getting live state
Once you know which rooms the client has previously interacted with, you need to listen for incoming events. This can be done like so:
curl -XGET "http://localhost:8008/_matrix/client/api/v1/events?access_token=YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN"
{
"chunk": [],
"end": "s39_18_0",
"start": "s39_18_0"
}This will block waiting for an incoming event, timing out after
several seconds. Even if there are no new events (as in the example
above), there will be some pagination stream response keys. The client
should make subsequent requests using the value of the
"end" key (in this case s39_18_0) as the
from query parameter e.g.
http://localhost:8008/_matrix/client/api/v1/events?access _token=YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN&from=s39_18_0.
This value should be stored so when the client reopens your app after a
period of inactivity, you can resume from where you got up to in the
event stream. If it has been a long period of inactivity, there may be
LOTS of events waiting for the user. In this case, you may wish to get
all state instead and then resume getting live state from a newer end
token.
NB: The timeout can be changed by adding a timeout query
parameter, which is in milliseconds. A timeout of 0 will not block.
Example application
The following example demonstrates registration and login, live event streaming, creating and joining rooms, sending messages, getting member lists and getting historical messages for a room. This covers most functionality of a messaging application.