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<h1 id="writing-a-module"><a class="header" href="#writing-a-module">Writing a module</a></h1>
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<p>A module is a Python class that uses Synapse's module API to interact with the
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homeserver. It can register callbacks that Synapse will call on specific operations, as
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well as web resources to attach to Synapse's web server.</p>
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<p>When instantiated, a module is given its parsed configuration as well as an instance of
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the <code>synapse.module_api.ModuleApi</code> class. The configuration is a dictionary, and is
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either the output of the module's <code>parse_config</code> static method (see below), or the
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configuration associated with the module in Synapse's configuration file.</p>
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<p>See the documentation for the <code>ModuleApi</code> class
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<a href="https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/blob/master/synapse/module_api/__init__.py">here</a>.</p>
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<h2 id="when-synapse-runs-with-several-modules-configured"><a class="header" href="#when-synapse-runs-with-several-modules-configured">When Synapse runs with several modules configured</a></h2>
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<p>If Synapse is running with other modules configured, the order each module appears in
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within the <code>modules</code> section of the Synapse configuration file might restrict what it can
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or cannot register. See <a href="index.html#using-multiple-modules">this section</a> for more
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information.</p>
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<p>On top of the rules listed in the link above, if a callback returns a value that should
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cause the current operation to fail (e.g. if a callback checking an event returns with a
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value that should cause the event to be denied), Synapse will fail the operation and
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ignore any subsequent callbacks that should have been run after this one.</p>
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<p>The documentation for each callback mentions how Synapse behaves when
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multiple modules implement it.</p>
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<h2 id="handling-the-modules-configuration"><a class="header" href="#handling-the-modules-configuration">Handling the module's configuration</a></h2>
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<p>A module can implement the following static method:</p>
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<pre><code class="language-python">@staticmethod
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def parse_config(config: dict) -> Any
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</code></pre>
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<p>This method is given a dictionary resulting from parsing the YAML configuration for the
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module. It may modify it (for example by parsing durations expressed as strings (e.g.
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"5d") into milliseconds, etc.), and return the modified dictionary. It may also verify
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that the configuration is correct, and raise an instance of
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<code>synapse.module_api.errors.ConfigError</code> if not.</p>
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<h2 id="registering-a-web-resource"><a class="header" href="#registering-a-web-resource">Registering a web resource</a></h2>
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<p>Modules can register web resources onto Synapse's web server using the following module
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API method:</p>
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<pre><code class="language-python">def ModuleApi.register_web_resource(path: str, resource: IResource) -> None
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</code></pre>
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<p>The path is the full absolute path to register the resource at. For example, if you
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register a resource for the path <code>/_synapse/client/my_super_module/say_hello</code>, Synapse
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will serve it at <code>http(s)://[HS_URL]/_synapse/client/my_super_module/say_hello</code>. Note
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that Synapse does not allow registering resources for several sub-paths in the <code>/_matrix</code>
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namespace (such as anything under <code>/_matrix/client</code> for example). It is strongly
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recommended that modules register their web resources under the <code>/_synapse/client</code>
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namespace.</p>
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<p>The provided resource is a Python class that implements Twisted's <a href="https://docs.twistedmatrix.com/en/stable/api/twisted.web.resource.IResource.html">IResource</a>
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interface (such as <a href="https://docs.twistedmatrix.com/en/stable/api/twisted.web.resource.Resource.html">Resource</a>).</p>
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<p>Only one resource can be registered for a given path. If several modules attempt to
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register a resource for the same path, the module that appears first in Synapse's
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configuration file takes priority.</p>
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<p>Modules <strong>must</strong> register their web resources in their <code>__init__</code> method.</p>
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<h2 id="registering-a-callback"><a class="header" href="#registering-a-callback">Registering a callback</a></h2>
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<p>Modules can use Synapse's module API to register callbacks. Callbacks are functions that
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Synapse will call when performing specific actions. Callbacks must be asynchronous (unless
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specified otherwise), and are split in categories. A single module may implement callbacks
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from multiple categories, and is under no obligation to implement all callbacks from the
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categories it registers callbacks for.</p>
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<p>Modules can register callbacks using one of the module API's <code>register_[...]_callbacks</code>
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methods. The callback functions are passed to these methods as keyword arguments, with
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the callback name as the argument name and the function as its value. A
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<code>register_[...]_callbacks</code> method exists for each category.</p>
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<p>Callbacks for each category can be found on their respective page of the
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<a href="https://matrix-org.github.io/synapse">Synapse documentation website</a>.</p>
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<h2 id="caching"><a class="header" href="#caching">Caching</a></h2>
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<p><em>Added in Synapse 1.74.0.</em></p>
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<p>Modules can leverage Synapse's caching tools to manage their own cached functions. This
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can be helpful for modules that need to repeatedly request the same data from the database
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or a remote service.</p>
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<p>Functions that need to be wrapped with a cache need to be decorated with a <code>@cached()</code>
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decorator (which can be imported from <code>synapse.module_api</code>) and registered with the
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<a href="https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/blob/release-v1.77/synapse/module_api/__init__.py#L888"><code>ModuleApi.register_cached_function</code></a>
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API when initialising the module. If the module needs to invalidate an entry in a cache,
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it needs to use the <a href="https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/blob/release-v1.77/synapse/module_api/__init__.py#L904"><code>ModuleApi.invalidate_cache</code></a>
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API, with the function to invalidate the cache of and the key(s) of the entry to
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invalidate.</p>
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<p>Below is an example of a simple module using a cached function:</p>
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<pre><code class="language-python">from typing import Any
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from synapse.module_api import cached, ModuleApi
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class MyModule:
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def __init__(self, config: Any, api: ModuleApi):
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self.api = api
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# Register the cached function so Synapse knows how to correctly invalidate
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# entries for it.
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self.api.register_cached_function(self.get_user_from_id)
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@cached()
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async def get_department_for_user(self, user_id: str) -> str:
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"""A function with a cache."""
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# Request a department from an external service.
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return await self.http_client.get_json(
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"https://int.example.com/users", {"user_id": user_id)
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)["department"]
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async def do_something_with_users(self) -> None:
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"""Calls the cached function and then invalidates an entry in its cache."""
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user_id = "@alice:example.com"
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||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Get the user. Since get_department_for_user is wrapped with a cache,
|
||
|
|
# the return value for this user_id will be cached.
|
||
|
|
department = await self.get_department_for_user(user_id)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Do something with `department`...
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Let's say something has changed with our user, and the entry we have for
|
||
|
|
# them in the cache is out of date, so we want to invalidate it.
|
||
|
|
await self.api.invalidate_cache(self.get_department_for_user, (user_id,))
|
||
|
|
</code></pre>
|
||
|
|
<p>See the <a href="https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/blob/release-v1.77/synapse/module_api/__init__.py#L190"><code>cached</code> docstring</a> for more details.</p>
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