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< h1 id = "delegation-of-incoming-federation-traffic" > < a class = "header" href = "#delegation-of-incoming-federation-traffic" > Delegation of incoming federation traffic< / a > < / h1 >
< p > In the following documentation, we use the term < code > server_name< / code > to refer to that setting
in your homeserver configuration file. It appears at the ends of user ids, and tells
other homeservers where they can find your server.< / p >
< p > By default, other homeservers will expect to be able to reach yours via
your < code > server_name< / code > , on port 8448. For example, if you set your < code > server_name< / code >
to < code > example.com< / code > (so that your user names look like < code > @user:example.com< / code > ),
other servers will try to connect to yours at < code > https://example.com:8448/< / code > .< / p >
< p > Delegation is a Matrix feature allowing a homeserver admin to retain a
< code > server_name< / code > of < code > example.com< / code > so that user IDs, room aliases, etc continue
to look like < code > *:example.com< / code > , whilst having federation traffic routed
to a different server and/or port (e.g. < code > synapse.example.com:443< / code > ).< / p >
< h2 id = "well-known-delegation" > < a class = "header" href = "#well-known-delegation" > .well-known delegation< / a > < / h2 >
< p > To use this method, you need to be able to configure the server at
< code > https://< server_name> < / code > to serve a file at
< code > https://< server_name> /.well-known/matrix/server< / code > . There are two ways to do this, shown below.< / p >
< p > Note that the < code > .well-known< / code > file is hosted on the default port for < code > https< / code > (port 443).< / p >
< h3 id = "external-server" > < a class = "header" href = "#external-server" > External server< / a > < / h3 >
< p > For maximum flexibility, you need to configure an external server such as nginx, Apache
or HAProxy to serve the < code > https://< server_name> /.well-known/matrix/server< / code > file. Setting
up such a server is out of the scope of this documentation, but note that it is often
possible to configure your < a href = "reverse_proxy.html" > reverse proxy< / a > for this.< / p >
< p > The URL < code > https://< server_name> /.well-known/matrix/server< / code > should be configured
return a JSON structure containing the key < code > m.server< / code > like this:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-json" > {
" m.server" : " < synapse.server.name> [:< yourport> ]"
}
< / code > < / pre >
< p > In our example (where we want federation traffic to be routed to
< code > https://synapse.example.com< / code > , on port 443), this would mean that
< code > https://example.com/.well-known/matrix/server< / code > should return:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-json" > {
" m.server" : " synapse.example.com:443"
}
< / code > < / pre >
< p > Note, specifying a port is optional. If no port is specified, then it defaults
to 8448.< / p >
< h3 id = "serving-a-well-knownmatrixserver-file-with-synapse" > < a class = "header" href = "#serving-a-well-knownmatrixserver-file-with-synapse" > Serving a < code > .well-known/matrix/server< / code > file with Synapse< / a > < / h3 >
< p > If you are able to set up your domain so that < code > https://< server_name> < / code > is routed to
Synapse (i.e., the only change needed is to direct federation traffic to port 443
instead of port 8448), then it is possible to configure Synapse to serve a suitable
< code > .well-known/matrix/server< / code > file. To do so, add the following to your < code > homeserver.yaml< / code >
file:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-yaml" > serve_server_wellknown: true
< / code > < / pre >
< p > < strong > Note< / strong > : this < em > only< / em > works if < code > https://< server_name> < / code > is routed to Synapse, so is
generally not suitable if Synapse is hosted at a subdomain such as
< code > https://synapse.example.com< / code > .< / p >
< h2 id = "srv-dns-record-delegation" > < a class = "header" href = "#srv-dns-record-delegation" > SRV DNS record delegation< / a > < / h2 >
< p > It is also possible to do delegation using a SRV DNS record. However, that is generally
not recommended, as it can be difficult to configure the TLS certificates correctly in
this case, and it offers little advantage over < code > .well-known< / code > delegation.< / p >
< p > However, if you really need it, you can find some documentation on what such a
record should look like and how Synapse will use it in < a href = "https://matrix.org/docs/spec/server_server/latest#resolving-server-names" > the Matrix
specification< / a > .< / p >
< h2 id = "delegation-faq" > < a class = "header" href = "#delegation-faq" > Delegation FAQ< / a > < / h2 >
< h3 id = "when-do-i-need-delegation" > < a class = "header" href = "#when-do-i-need-delegation" > When do I need delegation?< / a > < / h3 >
< p > If your homeserver's APIs are accessible on the default federation port (8448)
and the domain your < code > server_name< / code > points to, you do not need any delegation.< / p >
< p > For instance, if you registered < code > example.com< / code > and pointed its DNS A record at a
fresh server, you could install Synapse on that host, giving it a < code > server_name< / code >
of < code > example.com< / code > , and once a reverse proxy has been set up to proxy all requests
sent to the port < code > 8448< / code > and serve TLS certificates for < code > example.com< / code > , you
wouldn't need any delegation set up.< / p >
< p > < strong > However< / strong > , if your homeserver's APIs aren't accessible on port 8448 and on the
domain < code > server_name< / code > points to, you will need to let other servers know how to
find it using delegation.< / p >
< h3 id = "should-i-use-a-reverse-proxy-for-federation-traffic" > < a class = "header" href = "#should-i-use-a-reverse-proxy-for-federation-traffic" > Should I use a reverse proxy for federation traffic?< / a > < / h3 >
< p > Generally, using a reverse proxy for both the federation and client traffic is a good
idea, since it saves handling TLS traffic in Synapse. See
< a href = "reverse_proxy.html" > the reverse proxy documentation< / a > for information on setting up a
reverse proxy.< / p >
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