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gotosocial/vendor/github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2/cpuid.go
kim a156188b3e
[chore] update dependencies, bump to Go 1.19.1 (#826) 
* update dependencies, bump Go version to 1.19

* bump test image Go version

* update golangci-lint

* update gotosocial-drone-build

* sign

* linting, go fmt

* update swagger docs

* update swagger docs

* whitespace

* update contributing.md

* fuckin whoopsie doopsie

* linterino, linteroni

* fix followrequest test not starting processor

* fix other api/client tests not starting processor

* fix remaining tests where processor not started

* bump go-runners version

* don't check last-webfingered-at, processor may have updated this

* update swagger command

* update bun to latest version

* fix embed to work the same as before with new bun

Signed-off-by: kim <grufwub@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: tsmethurst <tobi.smethurst@protonmail.com>
2022-09-28 18:30:40 +01:00

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// Copyright (c) 2015 Klaus Post, released under MIT License. See LICENSE file.
// Package cpuid provides information about the CPU running the current program.
//
// CPU features are detected on startup, and kept for fast access through the life of the application.
// Currently x86 / x64 (AMD64) as well as arm64 is supported.
//
// You can access the CPU information by accessing the shared CPU variable of the cpuid library.
//
// Package home: https://github.com/klauspost/cpuid
package cpuid
import (
"flag"
"fmt"
"math"
"math/bits"
"os"
"runtime"
"strings"
)
// AMD refererence: https://www.amd.com/system/files/TechDocs/25481.pdf
// and Processor Programming Reference (PPR)
// Vendor is a representation of a CPU vendor.
type Vendor int
const (
VendorUnknown Vendor = iota
Intel
AMD
VIA
Transmeta
NSC
KVM // Kernel-based Virtual Machine
MSVM // Microsoft Hyper-V or Windows Virtual PC
VMware
XenHVM
Bhyve
Hygon
SiS
RDC
Ampere
ARM
Broadcom
Cavium
DEC
Fujitsu
Infineon
Motorola
NVIDIA
AMCC
Qualcomm
Marvell
lastVendor
)
//go:generate stringer -type=FeatureID,Vendor
// FeatureID is the ID of a specific cpu feature.
type FeatureID int
const (
// Keep index -1 as unknown
UNKNOWN = -1
// Add features
ADX FeatureID = iota // Intel ADX (Multi-Precision Add-Carry Instruction Extensions)
AESNI // Advanced Encryption Standard New Instructions
AMD3DNOW // AMD 3DNOW
AMD3DNOWEXT // AMD 3DNowExt
AMXBF16 // Tile computational operations on BFLOAT16 numbers
AMXINT8 // Tile computational operations on 8-bit integers
AMXTILE // Tile architecture
AVX // AVX functions
AVX2 // AVX2 functions
AVX512BF16 // AVX-512 BFLOAT16 Instructions
AVX512BITALG // AVX-512 Bit Algorithms
AVX512BW // AVX-512 Byte and Word Instructions
AVX512CD // AVX-512 Conflict Detection Instructions
AVX512DQ // AVX-512 Doubleword and Quadword Instructions
AVX512ER // AVX-512 Exponential and Reciprocal Instructions
AVX512F // AVX-512 Foundation
AVX512FP16 // AVX-512 FP16 Instructions
AVX512IFMA // AVX-512 Integer Fused Multiply-Add Instructions
AVX512PF // AVX-512 Prefetch Instructions
AVX512VBMI // AVX-512 Vector Bit Manipulation Instructions
AVX512VBMI2 // AVX-512 Vector Bit Manipulation Instructions, Version 2
AVX512VL // AVX-512 Vector Length Extensions
AVX512VNNI // AVX-512 Vector Neural Network Instructions
AVX512VP2INTERSECT // AVX-512 Intersect for D/Q
AVX512VPOPCNTDQ // AVX-512 Vector Population Count Doubleword and Quadword
AVXSLOW // Indicates the CPU performs 2 128 bit operations instead of one
AVXVNNI // AVX (VEX encoded) VNNI neural network instructions
BMI1 // Bit Manipulation Instruction Set 1
BMI2 // Bit Manipulation Instruction Set 2
CETIBT // Intel CET Indirect Branch Tracking
CETSS // Intel CET Shadow Stack
CLDEMOTE // Cache Line Demote
CLMUL // Carry-less Multiplication
CLZERO // CLZERO instruction supported
CMOV // i686 CMOV
CMPSB_SCADBS_SHORT // Fast short CMPSB and SCASB
CMPXCHG8 // CMPXCHG8 instruction
CPBOOST // Core Performance Boost
CX16 // CMPXCHG16B Instruction
ENQCMD // Enqueue Command
ERMS // Enhanced REP MOVSB/STOSB
F16C // Half-precision floating-point conversion
FMA3 // Intel FMA 3. Does not imply AVX.
FMA4 // Bulldozer FMA4 functions
FXSR // FXSAVE, FXRESTOR instructions, CR4 bit 9
FXSROPT // FXSAVE/FXRSTOR optimizations
GFNI // Galois Field New Instructions. May require other features (AVX, AVX512VL,AVX512F) based on usage.
HLE // Hardware Lock Elision
HRESET // If set CPU supports history reset and the IA32_HRESET_ENABLE MSR
HTT // Hyperthreading (enabled)
HWA // Hardware assert supported. Indicates support for MSRC001_10
HYPERVISOR // This bit has been reserved by Intel & AMD for use by hypervisors
IBPB // Indirect Branch Restricted Speculation (IBRS) and Indirect Branch Predictor Barrier (IBPB)
IBS // Instruction Based Sampling (AMD)
IBSBRNTRGT // Instruction Based Sampling Feature (AMD)
IBSFETCHSAM // Instruction Based Sampling Feature (AMD)
IBSFFV // Instruction Based Sampling Feature (AMD)
IBSOPCNT // Instruction Based Sampling Feature (AMD)
IBSOPCNTEXT // Instruction Based Sampling Feature (AMD)
IBSOPSAM // Instruction Based Sampling Feature (AMD)
IBSRDWROPCNT // Instruction Based Sampling Feature (AMD)
IBSRIPINVALIDCHK // Instruction Based Sampling Feature (AMD)
IBS_PREVENTHOST // Disallowing IBS use by the host supported
INT_WBINVD // WBINVD/WBNOINVD are interruptible.
INVLPGB // NVLPGB and TLBSYNC instruction supported
LAHF // LAHF/SAHF in long mode
LAM // If set, CPU supports Linear Address Masking
LBRVIRT // LBR virtualization
LZCNT // LZCNT instruction
MCAOVERFLOW // MCA overflow recovery support.
MCOMMIT // MCOMMIT instruction supported
MMX // standard MMX
MMXEXT // SSE integer functions or AMD MMX ext
MOVBE // MOVBE instruction (big-endian)
MOVDIR64B // Move 64 Bytes as Direct Store
MOVDIRI // Move Doubleword as Direct Store
MOVSB_ZL // Fast Zero-Length MOVSB
MPX // Intel MPX (Memory Protection Extensions)
MSRIRC // Instruction Retired Counter MSR available
MSR_PAGEFLUSH // Page Flush MSR available
NRIPS // Indicates support for NRIP save on VMEXIT
NX // NX (No-Execute) bit
OSXSAVE // XSAVE enabled by OS
PCONFIG // PCONFIG for Intel Multi-Key Total Memory Encryption
POPCNT // POPCNT instruction
RDPRU // RDPRU instruction supported
RDRAND // RDRAND instruction is available
RDSEED // RDSEED instruction is available
RDTSCP // RDTSCP Instruction
RTM // Restricted Transactional Memory
RTM_ALWAYS_ABORT // Indicates that the loaded microcode is forcing RTM abort.
SERIALIZE // Serialize Instruction Execution
SEV // AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization supported
SEV_64BIT // AMD SEV guest execution only allowed from a 64-bit host
SEV_ALTERNATIVE // AMD SEV Alternate Injection supported
SEV_DEBUGSWAP // Full debug state swap supported for SEV-ES guests
SEV_ES // AMD SEV Encrypted State supported
SEV_RESTRICTED // AMD SEV Restricted Injection supported
SEV_SNP // AMD SEV Secure Nested Paging supported
SGX // Software Guard Extensions
SGXLC // Software Guard Extensions Launch Control
SHA // Intel SHA Extensions
SME // AMD Secure Memory Encryption supported
SME_COHERENT // AMD Hardware cache coherency across encryption domains enforced
SSE // SSE functions
SSE2 // P4 SSE functions
SSE3 // Prescott SSE3 functions
SSE4 // Penryn SSE4.1 functions
SSE42 // Nehalem SSE4.2 functions
SSE4A // AMD Barcelona microarchitecture SSE4a instructions
SSSE3 // Conroe SSSE3 functions
STIBP // Single Thread Indirect Branch Predictors
STOSB_SHORT // Fast short STOSB
SUCCOR // Software uncorrectable error containment and recovery capability.
SVM // AMD Secure Virtual Machine
SVMDA // Indicates support for the SVM decode assists.
SVMFBASID // SVM, Indicates that TLB flush events, including CR3 writes and CR4.PGE toggles, flush only the current ASID's TLB entries. Also indicates support for the extended VMCBTLB_Control
SVML // AMD SVM lock. Indicates support for SVM-Lock.
SVMNP // AMD SVM nested paging
SVMPF // SVM pause intercept filter. Indicates support for the pause intercept filter
SVMPFT // SVM PAUSE filter threshold. Indicates support for the PAUSE filter cycle count threshold
SYSCALL // System-Call Extension (SCE): SYSCALL and SYSRET instructions.
SYSEE // SYSENTER and SYSEXIT instructions
TBM // AMD Trailing Bit Manipulation
TOPEXT // TopologyExtensions: topology extensions support. Indicates support for CPUID Fn8000_001D_EAX_x[N:0]-CPUID Fn8000_001E_EDX.
TME // Intel Total Memory Encryption. The following MSRs are supported: IA32_TME_CAPABILITY, IA32_TME_ACTIVATE, IA32_TME_EXCLUDE_MASK, and IA32_TME_EXCLUDE_BASE.
TSCRATEMSR // MSR based TSC rate control. Indicates support for MSR TSC ratio MSRC000_0104
TSXLDTRK // Intel TSX Suspend Load Address Tracking
VAES // Vector AES. AVX(512) versions requires additional checks.
VMCBCLEAN // VMCB clean bits. Indicates support for VMCB clean bits.
VMPL // AMD VM Permission Levels supported
VMSA_REGPROT // AMD VMSA Register Protection supported
VMX // Virtual Machine Extensions
VPCLMULQDQ // Carry-Less Multiplication Quadword. Requires AVX for 3 register versions.
VTE // AMD Virtual Transparent Encryption supported
WAITPKG // TPAUSE, UMONITOR, UMWAIT
WBNOINVD // Write Back and Do Not Invalidate Cache
X87 // FPU
XGETBV1 // Supports XGETBV with ECX = 1
XOP // Bulldozer XOP functions
XSAVE // XSAVE, XRESTOR, XSETBV, XGETBV
XSAVEC // Supports XSAVEC and the compacted form of XRSTOR.
XSAVEOPT // XSAVEOPT available
XSAVES // Supports XSAVES/XRSTORS and IA32_XSS
// ARM features:
AESARM // AES instructions
ARMCPUID // Some CPU ID registers readable at user-level
ASIMD // Advanced SIMD
ASIMDDP // SIMD Dot Product
ASIMDHP // Advanced SIMD half-precision floating point
ASIMDRDM // Rounding Double Multiply Accumulate/Subtract (SQRDMLAH/SQRDMLSH)
ATOMICS // Large System Extensions (LSE)
CRC32 // CRC32/CRC32C instructions
DCPOP // Data cache clean to Point of Persistence (DC CVAP)
EVTSTRM // Generic timer
FCMA // Floatin point complex number addition and multiplication
FP // Single-precision and double-precision floating point
FPHP // Half-precision floating point
GPA // Generic Pointer Authentication
JSCVT // Javascript-style double->int convert (FJCVTZS)
LRCPC // Weaker release consistency (LDAPR, etc)
PMULL // Polynomial Multiply instructions (PMULL/PMULL2)
SHA1 // SHA-1 instructions (SHA1C, etc)
SHA2 // SHA-2 instructions (SHA256H, etc)
SHA3 // SHA-3 instructions (EOR3, RAXI, XAR, BCAX)
SHA512 // SHA512 instructions
SM3 // SM3 instructions
SM4 // SM4 instructions
SVE // Scalable Vector Extension
// Keep it last. It automatically defines the size of []flagSet
lastID
firstID FeatureID = UNKNOWN + 1
)
// CPUInfo contains information about the detected system CPU.
type CPUInfo struct {
BrandName string // Brand name reported by the CPU
VendorID Vendor // Comparable CPU vendor ID
VendorString string // Raw vendor string.
featureSet flagSet // Features of the CPU
PhysicalCores int // Number of physical processor cores in your CPU. Will be 0 if undetectable.
ThreadsPerCore int // Number of threads per physical core. Will be 1 if undetectable.
LogicalCores int // Number of physical cores times threads that can run on each core through the use of hyperthreading. Will be 0 if undetectable.
Family int // CPU family number
Model int // CPU model number
Stepping int // CPU stepping info
CacheLine int // Cache line size in bytes. Will be 0 if undetectable.
Hz int64 // Clock speed, if known, 0 otherwise. Will attempt to contain base clock speed.
BoostFreq int64 // Max clock speed, if known, 0 otherwise
Cache struct {
L1I int // L1 Instruction Cache (per core or shared). Will be -1 if undetected
L1D int // L1 Data Cache (per core or shared). Will be -1 if undetected
L2 int // L2 Cache (per core or shared). Will be -1 if undetected
L3 int // L3 Cache (per core, per ccx or shared). Will be -1 if undetected
}
SGX SGXSupport
maxFunc uint32
maxExFunc uint32
}
var cpuid func(op uint32) (eax, ebx, ecx, edx uint32)
var cpuidex func(op, op2 uint32) (eax, ebx, ecx, edx uint32)
var xgetbv func(index uint32) (eax, edx uint32)
var rdtscpAsm func() (eax, ebx, ecx, edx uint32)
var darwinHasAVX512 = func() bool { return false }
// CPU contains information about the CPU as detected on startup,
// or when Detect last was called.
//
// Use this as the primary entry point to you data.
var CPU CPUInfo
func init() {
initCPU()
Detect()
}
// Detect will re-detect current CPU info.
// This will replace the content of the exported CPU variable.
//
// Unless you expect the CPU to change while you are running your program
// you should not need to call this function.
// If you call this, you must ensure that no other goroutine is accessing the
// exported CPU variable.
func Detect() {
// Set defaults
CPU.ThreadsPerCore = 1
CPU.Cache.L1I = -1
CPU.Cache.L1D = -1
CPU.Cache.L2 = -1
CPU.Cache.L3 = -1
safe := true
if detectArmFlag != nil {
safe = !*detectArmFlag
}
addInfo(&CPU, safe)
if displayFeats != nil && *displayFeats {
fmt.Println("cpu features:", strings.Join(CPU.FeatureSet(), ","))
// Exit with non-zero so tests will print value.
os.Exit(1)
}
if disableFlag != nil {
s := strings.Split(*disableFlag, ",")
for _, feat := range s {
feat := ParseFeature(strings.TrimSpace(feat))
if feat != UNKNOWN {
CPU.featureSet.unset(feat)
}
}
}
}
// DetectARM will detect ARM64 features.
// This is NOT done automatically since it can potentially crash
// if the OS does not handle the command.
// If in the future this can be done safely this function may not
// do anything.
func DetectARM() {
addInfo(&CPU, false)
}
var detectArmFlag *bool
var displayFeats *bool
var disableFlag *string
// Flags will enable flags.
// This must be called *before* flag.Parse AND
// Detect must be called after the flags have been parsed.
// Note that this means that any detection used in init() functions
// will not contain these flags.
func Flags() {
disableFlag = flag.String("cpu.disable", "", "disable cpu features; comma separated list")
displayFeats = flag.Bool("cpu.features", false, "lists cpu features and exits")
detectArmFlag = flag.Bool("cpu.arm", false, "allow ARM features to be detected; can potentially crash")
}
// Supports returns whether the CPU supports all of the requested features.
func (c CPUInfo) Supports(ids ...FeatureID) bool {
for _, id := range ids {
if !c.featureSet.inSet(id) {
return false
}
}
return true
}
// Has allows for checking a single feature.
// Should be inlined by the compiler.
func (c CPUInfo) Has(id FeatureID) bool {
return c.featureSet.inSet(id)
}
// AnyOf returns whether the CPU supports one or more of the requested features.
func (c CPUInfo) AnyOf(ids ...FeatureID) bool {
for _, id := range ids {
if c.featureSet.inSet(id) {
return true
}
}
return false
}
// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64#Microarchitecture_levels
var level1Features = flagSetWith(CMOV, CMPXCHG8, X87, FXSR, MMX, SYSCALL, SSE, SSE2)
var level2Features = flagSetWith(CMOV, CMPXCHG8, X87, FXSR, MMX, SYSCALL, SSE, SSE2, CX16, LAHF, POPCNT, SSE3, SSE4, SSE42, SSSE3)
var level3Features = flagSetWith(CMOV, CMPXCHG8, X87, FXSR, MMX, SYSCALL, SSE, SSE2, CX16, LAHF, POPCNT, SSE3, SSE4, SSE42, SSSE3, AVX, AVX2, BMI1, BMI2, F16C, FMA3, LZCNT, MOVBE, OSXSAVE)
var level4Features = flagSetWith(CMOV, CMPXCHG8, X87, FXSR, MMX, SYSCALL, SSE, SSE2, CX16, LAHF, POPCNT, SSE3, SSE4, SSE42, SSSE3, AVX, AVX2, BMI1, BMI2, F16C, FMA3, LZCNT, MOVBE, OSXSAVE, AVX512F, AVX512BW, AVX512CD, AVX512DQ, AVX512VL)
// X64Level returns the microarchitecture level detected on the CPU.
// If features are lacking or non x64 mode, 0 is returned.
// See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64#Microarchitecture_levels
func (c CPUInfo) X64Level() int {
if c.featureSet.hasSet(level4Features) {
return 4
}
if c.featureSet.hasSet(level3Features) {
return 3
}
if c.featureSet.hasSet(level2Features) {
return 2
}
if c.featureSet.hasSet(level1Features) {
return 1
}
return 0
}
// Disable will disable one or several features.
func (c *CPUInfo) Disable(ids ...FeatureID) bool {
for _, id := range ids {
c.featureSet.unset(id)
}
return true
}
// Enable will disable one or several features even if they were undetected.
// This is of course not recommended for obvious reasons.
func (c *CPUInfo) Enable(ids ...FeatureID) bool {
for _, id := range ids {
c.featureSet.set(id)
}
return true
}
// IsVendor returns true if vendor is recognized as Intel
func (c CPUInfo) IsVendor(v Vendor) bool {
return c.VendorID == v
}
// FeatureSet returns all available features as strings.
func (c CPUInfo) FeatureSet() []string {
s := make([]string, 0, c.featureSet.nEnabled())
s = append(s, c.featureSet.Strings()...)
return s
}
// RTCounter returns the 64-bit time-stamp counter
// Uses the RDTSCP instruction. The value 0 is returned
// if the CPU does not support the instruction.
func (c CPUInfo) RTCounter() uint64 {
if !c.Supports(RDTSCP) {
return 0
}
a, _, _, d := rdtscpAsm()
return uint64(a) | (uint64(d) << 32)
}
// Ia32TscAux returns the IA32_TSC_AUX part of the RDTSCP.
// This variable is OS dependent, but on Linux contains information
// about the current cpu/core the code is running on.
// If the RDTSCP instruction isn't supported on the CPU, the value 0 is returned.
func (c CPUInfo) Ia32TscAux() uint32 {
if !c.Supports(RDTSCP) {
return 0
}
_, _, ecx, _ := rdtscpAsm()
return ecx
}
// LogicalCPU will return the Logical CPU the code is currently executing on.
// This is likely to change when the OS re-schedules the running thread
// to another CPU.
// If the current core cannot be detected, -1 will be returned.
func (c CPUInfo) LogicalCPU() int {
if c.maxFunc < 1 {
return -1
}
_, ebx, _, _ := cpuid(1)
return int(ebx >> 24)
}
// frequencies tries to compute the clock speed of the CPU. If leaf 15 is
// supported, use it, otherwise parse the brand string. Yes, really.
func (c *CPUInfo) frequencies() {
c.Hz, c.BoostFreq = 0, 0
mfi := maxFunctionID()
if mfi >= 0x15 {
eax, ebx, ecx, _ := cpuid(0x15)
if eax != 0 && ebx != 0 && ecx != 0 {
c.Hz = (int64(ecx) * int64(ebx)) / int64(eax)
}
}
if mfi >= 0x16 {
a, b, _, _ := cpuid(0x16)
// Base...
if a&0xffff > 0 {
c.Hz = int64(a&0xffff) * 1_000_000
}
// Boost...
if b&0xffff > 0 {
c.BoostFreq = int64(b&0xffff) * 1_000_000
}
}
if c.Hz > 0 {
return
}
// computeHz determines the official rated speed of a CPU from its brand
// string. This insanity is *actually the official documented way to do
// this according to Intel*, prior to leaf 0x15 existing. The official
// documentation only shows this working for exactly `x.xx` or `xxxx`
// cases, e.g., `2.50GHz` or `1300MHz`; this parser will accept other
// sizes.
model := c.BrandName
hz := strings.LastIndex(model, "Hz")
if hz < 3 {
return
}
var multiplier int64
switch model[hz-1] {
case 'M':
multiplier = 1000 * 1000
case 'G':
multiplier = 1000 * 1000 * 1000
case 'T':
multiplier = 1000 * 1000 * 1000 * 1000
}
if multiplier == 0 {
return
}
freq := int64(0)
divisor := int64(0)
decimalShift := int64(1)
var i int
for i = hz - 2; i >= 0 && model[i] != ' '; i-- {
if model[i] >= '0' && model[i] <= '9' {
freq += int64(model[i]-'0') * decimalShift
decimalShift *= 10
} else if model[i] == '.' {
if divisor != 0 {
return
}
divisor = decimalShift
} else {
return
}
}
// we didn't find a space
if i < 0 {
return
}
if divisor != 0 {
c.Hz = (freq * multiplier) / divisor
return
}
c.Hz = freq * multiplier
}
// VM Will return true if the cpu id indicates we are in
// a virtual machine.
func (c CPUInfo) VM() bool {
return CPU.featureSet.inSet(HYPERVISOR)
}
// flags contains detected cpu features and characteristics
type flags uint64
// log2(bits_in_uint64)
const flagBitsLog2 = 6
const flagBits = 1 << flagBitsLog2
const flagMask = flagBits - 1
// flagSet contains detected cpu features and characteristics in an array of flags
type flagSet [(lastID + flagMask) / flagBits]flags
func (s flagSet) inSet(feat FeatureID) bool {
return s[feat>>flagBitsLog2]&(1<<(feat&flagMask)) != 0
}
func (s *flagSet) set(feat FeatureID) {
s[feat>>flagBitsLog2] |= 1 << (feat & flagMask)
}
// setIf will set a feature if boolean is true.
func (s *flagSet) setIf(cond bool, features ...FeatureID) {
if cond {
for _, offset := range features {
s[offset>>flagBitsLog2] |= 1 << (offset & flagMask)
}
}
}
func (s *flagSet) unset(offset FeatureID) {
bit := flags(1 << (offset & flagMask))
s[offset>>flagBitsLog2] = s[offset>>flagBitsLog2] & ^bit
}
// or with another flagset.
func (s *flagSet) or(other flagSet) {
for i, v := range other[:] {
s[i] |= v
}
}
// hasSet returns whether all features are present.
func (s flagSet) hasSet(other flagSet) bool {
for i, v := range other[:] {
if s[i]&v != v {
return false
}
}
return true
}
// nEnabled will return the number of enabled flags.
func (s flagSet) nEnabled() (n int) {
for _, v := range s[:] {
n += bits.OnesCount64(uint64(v))
}
return n
}
func flagSetWith(feat ...FeatureID) flagSet {
var res flagSet
for _, f := range feat {
res.set(f)
}
return res
}
// ParseFeature will parse the string and return the ID of the matching feature.
// Will return UNKNOWN if not found.
func ParseFeature(s string) FeatureID {
s = strings.ToUpper(s)
for i := firstID; i < lastID; i++ {
if i.String() == s {
return i
}
}
return UNKNOWN
}
// Strings returns an array of the detected features for FlagsSet.
func (s flagSet) Strings() []string {
if len(s) == 0 {
return []string{""}
}
r := make([]string, 0)
for i := firstID; i < lastID; i++ {
if s.inSet(i) {
r = append(r, i.String())
}
}
return r
}
func maxExtendedFunction() uint32 {
eax, _, _, _ := cpuid(0x80000000)
return eax
}
func maxFunctionID() uint32 {
a, _, _, _ := cpuid(0)
return a
}
func brandName() string {
if maxExtendedFunction() >= 0x80000004 {
v := make([]uint32, 0, 48)
for i := uint32(0); i < 3; i++ {
a, b, c, d := cpuid(0x80000002 + i)
v = append(v, a, b, c, d)
}
return strings.Trim(string(valAsString(v...)), " ")
}
return "unknown"
}
func threadsPerCore() int {
mfi := maxFunctionID()
vend, _ := vendorID()
if mfi < 0x4 || (vend != Intel && vend != AMD) {
return 1
}
if mfi < 0xb {
if vend != Intel {
return 1
}
_, b, _, d := cpuid(1)
if (d & (1 << 28)) != 0 {
// v will contain logical core count
v := (b >> 16) & 255
if v > 1 {
a4, _, _, _ := cpuid(4)
// physical cores
v2 := (a4 >> 26) + 1
if v2 > 0 {
return int(v) / int(v2)
}
}
}
return 1
}
_, b, _, _ := cpuidex(0xb, 0)
if b&0xffff == 0 {
if vend == AMD {
// Workaround for AMD returning 0, assume 2 if >= Zen 2
// It will be more correct than not.
fam, _, _ := familyModel()
_, _, _, d := cpuid(1)
if (d&(1<<28)) != 0 && fam >= 23 {
return 2
}
}
return 1
}
return int(b & 0xffff)
}
func logicalCores() int {
mfi := maxFunctionID()
v, _ := vendorID()
switch v {
case Intel:
// Use this on old Intel processors
if mfi < 0xb {
if mfi < 1 {
return 0
}
// CPUID.1:EBX[23:16] represents the maximum number of addressable IDs (initial APIC ID)
// that can be assigned to logical processors in a physical package.
// The value may not be the same as the number of logical processors that are present in the hardware of a physical package.
_, ebx, _, _ := cpuid(1)
logical := (ebx >> 16) & 0xff
return int(logical)
}
_, b, _, _ := cpuidex(0xb, 1)
return int(b & 0xffff)
case AMD, Hygon:
_, b, _, _ := cpuid(1)
return int((b >> 16) & 0xff)
default:
return 0
}
}
func familyModel() (family, model, stepping int) {
if maxFunctionID() < 0x1 {
return 0, 0, 0
}
eax, _, _, _ := cpuid(1)
// If BaseFamily[3:0] is less than Fh then ExtendedFamily[7:0] is reserved and Family is equal to BaseFamily[3:0].
family = int((eax >> 8) & 0xf)
extFam := family == 0x6 // Intel is 0x6, needs extended model.
if family == 0xf {
// Add ExtFamily
family += int((eax >> 20) & 0xff)
extFam = true
}
// If BaseFamily[3:0] is less than 0Fh then ExtendedModel[3:0] is reserved and Model is equal to BaseModel[3:0].
model = int((eax >> 4) & 0xf)
if extFam {
// Add ExtModel
model += int((eax >> 12) & 0xf0)
}
stepping = int(eax & 0xf)
return family, model, stepping
}
func physicalCores() int {
v, _ := vendorID()
switch v {
case Intel:
return logicalCores() / threadsPerCore()
case AMD, Hygon:
lc := logicalCores()
tpc := threadsPerCore()
if lc > 0 && tpc > 0 {
return lc / tpc
}
// The following is inaccurate on AMD EPYC 7742 64-Core Processor
if maxExtendedFunction() >= 0x80000008 {
_, _, c, _ := cpuid(0x80000008)
if c&0xff > 0 {
return int(c&0xff) + 1
}
}
}
return 0
}
// Except from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUID#EAX.3D0:_Get_vendor_ID
var vendorMapping = map[string]Vendor{
"AMDisbetter!": AMD,
"AuthenticAMD": AMD,
"CentaurHauls": VIA,
"GenuineIntel": Intel,
"TransmetaCPU": Transmeta,
"GenuineTMx86": Transmeta,
"Geode by NSC": NSC,
"VIA VIA VIA ": VIA,
"KVMKVMKVMKVM": KVM,
"Microsoft Hv": MSVM,
"VMwareVMware": VMware,
"XenVMMXenVMM": XenHVM,
"bhyve bhyve ": Bhyve,
"HygonGenuine": Hygon,
"Vortex86 SoC": SiS,
"SiS SiS SiS ": SiS,
"RiseRiseRise": SiS,
"Genuine RDC": RDC,
}
func vendorID() (Vendor, string) {
_, b, c, d := cpuid(0)
v := string(valAsString(b, d, c))
vend, ok := vendorMapping[v]
if !ok {
return VendorUnknown, v
}
return vend, v
}
func cacheLine() int {
if maxFunctionID() < 0x1 {
return 0
}
_, ebx, _, _ := cpuid(1)
cache := (ebx & 0xff00) >> 5 // cflush size
if cache == 0 && maxExtendedFunction() >= 0x80000006 {
_, _, ecx, _ := cpuid(0x80000006)
cache = ecx & 0xff // cacheline size
}
// TODO: Read from Cache and TLB Information
return int(cache)
}
func (c *CPUInfo) cacheSize() {
c.Cache.L1D = -1
c.Cache.L1I = -1
c.Cache.L2 = -1
c.Cache.L3 = -1
vendor, _ := vendorID()
switch vendor {
case Intel:
if maxFunctionID() < 4 {
return
}
c.Cache.L1I, c.Cache.L1D, c.Cache.L2, c.Cache.L3 = 0, 0, 0, 0
for i := uint32(0); ; i++ {
eax, ebx, ecx, _ := cpuidex(4, i)
cacheType := eax & 15
if cacheType == 0 {
break
}
cacheLevel := (eax >> 5) & 7
coherency := int(ebx&0xfff) + 1
partitions := int((ebx>>12)&0x3ff) + 1
associativity := int((ebx>>22)&0x3ff) + 1
sets := int(ecx) + 1
size := associativity * partitions * coherency * sets
switch cacheLevel {
case 1:
if cacheType == 1 {
// 1 = Data Cache
c.Cache.L1D = size
} else if cacheType == 2 {
// 2 = Instruction Cache
c.Cache.L1I = size
} else {
if c.Cache.L1D < 0 {
c.Cache.L1I = size
}
if c.Cache.L1I < 0 {
c.Cache.L1I = size
}
}
case 2:
c.Cache.L2 = size
case 3:
c.Cache.L3 = size
}
}
case AMD, Hygon:
// Untested.
if maxExtendedFunction() < 0x80000005 {
return
}
_, _, ecx, edx := cpuid(0x80000005)
c.Cache.L1D = int(((ecx >> 24) & 0xFF) * 1024)
c.Cache.L1I = int(((edx >> 24) & 0xFF) * 1024)
if maxExtendedFunction() < 0x80000006 {
return
}
_, _, ecx, _ = cpuid(0x80000006)
c.Cache.L2 = int(((ecx >> 16) & 0xFFFF) * 1024)
// CPUID Fn8000_001D_EAX_x[N:0] Cache Properties
if maxExtendedFunction() < 0x8000001D || !c.Has(TOPEXT) {
return
}
// Xen Hypervisor is buggy and returns the same entry no matter ECX value.
// Hack: When we encounter the same entry 100 times we break.
nSame := 0
var last uint32
for i := uint32(0); i < math.MaxUint32; i++ {
eax, ebx, ecx, _ := cpuidex(0x8000001D, i)
level := (eax >> 5) & 7
cacheNumSets := ecx + 1
cacheLineSize := 1 + (ebx & 2047)
cachePhysPartitions := 1 + ((ebx >> 12) & 511)
cacheNumWays := 1 + ((ebx >> 22) & 511)
typ := eax & 15
size := int(cacheNumSets * cacheLineSize * cachePhysPartitions * cacheNumWays)
if typ == 0 {
return
}
// Check for the same value repeated.
comb := eax ^ ebx ^ ecx
if comb == last {
nSame++
if nSame == 100 {
return
}
}
last = comb
switch level {
case 1:
switch typ {
case 1:
// Data cache
c.Cache.L1D = size
case 2:
// Inst cache
c.Cache.L1I = size
default:
if c.Cache.L1D < 0 {
c.Cache.L1I = size
}
if c.Cache.L1I < 0 {
c.Cache.L1I = size
}
}
case 2:
c.Cache.L2 = size
case 3:
c.Cache.L3 = size
}
}
}
}
type SGXEPCSection struct {
BaseAddress uint64
EPCSize uint64
}
type SGXSupport struct {
Available bool
LaunchControl bool
SGX1Supported bool
SGX2Supported bool
MaxEnclaveSizeNot64 int64
MaxEnclaveSize64 int64
EPCSections []SGXEPCSection
}
func hasSGX(available, lc bool) (rval SGXSupport) {
rval.Available = available
if !available {
return
}
rval.LaunchControl = lc
a, _, _, d := cpuidex(0x12, 0)
rval.SGX1Supported = a&0x01 != 0
rval.SGX2Supported = a&0x02 != 0
rval.MaxEnclaveSizeNot64 = 1 << (d & 0xFF) // pow 2
rval.MaxEnclaveSize64 = 1 << ((d >> 8) & 0xFF) // pow 2
rval.EPCSections = make([]SGXEPCSection, 0)
for subleaf := uint32(2); subleaf < 2+8; subleaf++ {
eax, ebx, ecx, edx := cpuidex(0x12, subleaf)
leafType := eax & 0xf
if leafType == 0 {
// Invalid subleaf, stop iterating
break
} else if leafType == 1 {
// EPC Section subleaf
baseAddress := uint64(eax&0xfffff000) + (uint64(ebx&0x000fffff) << 32)
size := uint64(ecx&0xfffff000) + (uint64(edx&0x000fffff) << 32)
section := SGXEPCSection{BaseAddress: baseAddress, EPCSize: size}
rval.EPCSections = append(rval.EPCSections, section)
}
}
return
}
func support() flagSet {
var fs flagSet
mfi := maxFunctionID()
vend, _ := vendorID()
if mfi < 0x1 {
return fs
}
family, model, _ := familyModel()
_, _, c, d := cpuid(1)
fs.setIf((d&(1<<0)) != 0, X87)
fs.setIf((d&(1<<8)) != 0, CMPXCHG8)
fs.setIf((d&(1<<11)) != 0, SYSEE)
fs.setIf((d&(1<<15)) != 0, CMOV)
fs.setIf((d&(1<<23)) != 0, MMX)
fs.setIf((d&(1<<24)) != 0, FXSR)
fs.setIf((d&(1<<25)) != 0, FXSROPT)
fs.setIf((d&(1<<25)) != 0, SSE)
fs.setIf((d&(1<<26)) != 0, SSE2)
fs.setIf((c&1) != 0, SSE3)
fs.setIf((c&(1<<5)) != 0, VMX)
fs.setIf((c&(1<<9)) != 0, SSSE3)
fs.setIf((c&(1<<19)) != 0, SSE4)
fs.setIf((c&(1<<20)) != 0, SSE42)
fs.setIf((c&(1<<25)) != 0, AESNI)
fs.setIf((c&(1<<1)) != 0, CLMUL)
fs.setIf(c&(1<<22) != 0, MOVBE)
fs.setIf(c&(1<<23) != 0, POPCNT)
fs.setIf(c&(1<<30) != 0, RDRAND)
// This bit has been reserved by Intel & AMD for use by hypervisors,
// and indicates the presence of a hypervisor.
fs.setIf(c&(1<<31) != 0, HYPERVISOR)
fs.setIf(c&(1<<29) != 0, F16C)
fs.setIf(c&(1<<13) != 0, CX16)
if vend == Intel && (d&(1<<28)) != 0 && mfi >= 4 {
fs.setIf(threadsPerCore() > 1, HTT)
}
if vend == AMD && (d&(1<<28)) != 0 && mfi >= 4 {
fs.setIf(threadsPerCore() > 1, HTT)
}
fs.setIf(c&1<<26 != 0, XSAVE)
fs.setIf(c&1<<27 != 0, OSXSAVE)
// Check XGETBV/XSAVE (26), OXSAVE (27) and AVX (28) bits
const avxCheck = 1<<26 | 1<<27 | 1<<28
if c&avxCheck == avxCheck {
// Check for OS support
eax, _ := xgetbv(0)
if (eax & 0x6) == 0x6 {
fs.set(AVX)
switch vend {
case Intel:
// Older than Haswell.
fs.setIf(family == 6 && model < 60, AVXSLOW)
case AMD:
// Older than Zen 2
fs.setIf(family < 23 || (family == 23 && model < 49), AVXSLOW)
}
}
}
// FMA3 can be used with SSE registers, so no OS support is strictly needed.
// fma3 and OSXSAVE needed.
const fma3Check = 1<<12 | 1<<27
fs.setIf(c&fma3Check == fma3Check, FMA3)
// Check AVX2, AVX2 requires OS support, but BMI1/2 don't.
if mfi >= 7 {
_, ebx, ecx, edx := cpuidex(7, 0)
if fs.inSet(AVX) && (ebx&0x00000020) != 0 {
fs.set(AVX2)
}
// CPUID.(EAX=7, ECX=0).EBX
if (ebx & 0x00000008) != 0 {
fs.set(BMI1)
fs.setIf((ebx&0x00000100) != 0, BMI2)
}
fs.setIf(ebx&(1<<2) != 0, SGX)
fs.setIf(ebx&(1<<4) != 0, HLE)
fs.setIf(ebx&(1<<9) != 0, ERMS)
fs.setIf(ebx&(1<<11) != 0, RTM)
fs.setIf(ebx&(1<<14) != 0, MPX)
fs.setIf(ebx&(1<<18) != 0, RDSEED)
fs.setIf(ebx&(1<<19) != 0, ADX)
fs.setIf(ebx&(1<<29) != 0, SHA)
// CPUID.(EAX=7, ECX=0).ECX
fs.setIf(ecx&(1<<5) != 0, WAITPKG)
fs.setIf(ecx&(1<<7) != 0, CETSS)
fs.setIf(ecx&(1<<8) != 0, GFNI)
fs.setIf(ecx&(1<<9) != 0, VAES)
fs.setIf(ecx&(1<<10) != 0, VPCLMULQDQ)
fs.setIf(ecx&(1<<13) != 0, TME)
fs.setIf(ecx&(1<<25) != 0, CLDEMOTE)
fs.setIf(ecx&(1<<27) != 0, MOVDIRI)
fs.setIf(ecx&(1<<28) != 0, MOVDIR64B)
fs.setIf(ecx&(1<<29) != 0, ENQCMD)
fs.setIf(ecx&(1<<30) != 0, SGXLC)
// CPUID.(EAX=7, ECX=0).EDX
fs.setIf(edx&(1<<11) != 0, RTM_ALWAYS_ABORT)
fs.setIf(edx&(1<<14) != 0, SERIALIZE)
fs.setIf(edx&(1<<16) != 0, TSXLDTRK)
fs.setIf(edx&(1<<18) != 0, PCONFIG)
fs.setIf(edx&(1<<20) != 0, CETIBT)
fs.setIf(edx&(1<<26) != 0, IBPB)
fs.setIf(edx&(1<<27) != 0, STIBP)
// CPUID.(EAX=7, ECX=1)
eax1, _, _, _ := cpuidex(7, 1)
fs.setIf(fs.inSet(AVX) && eax1&(1<<4) != 0, AVXVNNI)
fs.setIf(eax1&(1<<10) != 0, MOVSB_ZL)
fs.setIf(eax1&(1<<11) != 0, STOSB_SHORT)
fs.setIf(eax1&(1<<12) != 0, CMPSB_SCADBS_SHORT)
fs.setIf(eax1&(1<<22) != 0, HRESET)
fs.setIf(eax1&(1<<26) != 0, LAM)
// Only detect AVX-512 features if XGETBV is supported
if c&((1<<26)|(1<<27)) == (1<<26)|(1<<27) {
// Check for OS support
eax, _ := xgetbv(0)
// Verify that XCR0[7:5] = ‘111b’ (OPMASK state, upper 256-bit of ZMM0-ZMM15 and
// ZMM16-ZMM31 state are enabled by OS)
/// and that XCR0[2:1] = ‘11b’ (XMM state and YMM state are enabled by OS).
hasAVX512 := (eax>>5)&7 == 7 && (eax>>1)&3 == 3
if runtime.GOOS == "darwin" {
hasAVX512 = fs.inSet(AVX) && darwinHasAVX512()
}
if hasAVX512 {
fs.setIf(ebx&(1<<16) != 0, AVX512F)
fs.setIf(ebx&(1<<17) != 0, AVX512DQ)
fs.setIf(ebx&(1<<21) != 0, AVX512IFMA)
fs.setIf(ebx&(1<<26) != 0, AVX512PF)
fs.setIf(ebx&(1<<27) != 0, AVX512ER)
fs.setIf(ebx&(1<<28) != 0, AVX512CD)
fs.setIf(ebx&(1<<30) != 0, AVX512BW)
fs.setIf(ebx&(1<<31) != 0, AVX512VL)
// ecx
fs.setIf(ecx&(1<<1) != 0, AVX512VBMI)
fs.setIf(ecx&(1<<6) != 0, AVX512VBMI2)
fs.setIf(ecx&(1<<11) != 0, AVX512VNNI)
fs.setIf(ecx&(1<<12) != 0, AVX512BITALG)
fs.setIf(ecx&(1<<14) != 0, AVX512VPOPCNTDQ)
// edx
fs.setIf(edx&(1<<8) != 0, AVX512VP2INTERSECT)
fs.setIf(edx&(1<<22) != 0, AMXBF16)
fs.setIf(edx&(1<<23) != 0, AVX512FP16)
fs.setIf(edx&(1<<24) != 0, AMXTILE)
fs.setIf(edx&(1<<25) != 0, AMXINT8)
// eax1 = CPUID.(EAX=7, ECX=1).EAX
fs.setIf(eax1&(1<<5) != 0, AVX512BF16)
}
}
}
// Processor Extended State Enumeration Sub-leaf (EAX = 0DH, ECX = 1)
// EAX
// Bit 00: XSAVEOPT is available.
// Bit 01: Supports XSAVEC and the compacted form of XRSTOR if set.
// Bit 02: Supports XGETBV with ECX = 1 if set.
// Bit 03: Supports XSAVES/XRSTORS and IA32_XSS if set.
// Bits 31 - 04: Reserved.
// EBX
// Bits 31 - 00: The size in bytes of the XSAVE area containing all states enabled by XCRO | IA32_XSS.
// ECX
// Bits 31 - 00: Reports the supported bits of the lower 32 bits of the IA32_XSS MSR. IA32_XSS[n] can be set to 1 only if ECX[n] is 1.
// EDX?
// Bits 07 - 00: Used for XCR0. Bit 08: PT state. Bit 09: Used for XCR0. Bits 12 - 10: Reserved. Bit 13: HWP state. Bits 31 - 14: Reserved.
if mfi >= 0xd {
if fs.inSet(XSAVE) {
eax, _, _, _ := cpuidex(0xd, 1)
fs.setIf(eax&(1<<0) != 0, XSAVEOPT)
fs.setIf(eax&(1<<1) != 0, XSAVEC)
fs.setIf(eax&(1<<2) != 0, XGETBV1)
fs.setIf(eax&(1<<3) != 0, XSAVES)
}
}
if maxExtendedFunction() >= 0x80000001 {
_, _, c, d := cpuid(0x80000001)
if (c & (1 << 5)) != 0 {
fs.set(LZCNT)
fs.set(POPCNT)
}
// ECX
fs.setIf((c&(1<<0)) != 0, LAHF)
fs.setIf((c&(1<<2)) != 0, SVM)
fs.setIf((c&(1<<6)) != 0, SSE4A)
fs.setIf((c&(1<<10)) != 0, IBS)
fs.setIf((c&(1<<22)) != 0, TOPEXT)
// EDX
fs.setIf(d&(1<<11) != 0, SYSCALL)
fs.setIf(d&(1<<20) != 0, NX)
fs.setIf(d&(1<<22) != 0, MMXEXT)
fs.setIf(d&(1<<23) != 0, MMX)
fs.setIf(d&(1<<24) != 0, FXSR)
fs.setIf(d&(1<<25) != 0, FXSROPT)
fs.setIf(d&(1<<27) != 0, RDTSCP)
fs.setIf(d&(1<<30) != 0, AMD3DNOWEXT)
fs.setIf(d&(1<<31) != 0, AMD3DNOW)
/* XOP and FMA4 use the AVX instruction coding scheme, so they can't be
* used unless the OS has AVX support. */
if fs.inSet(AVX) {
fs.setIf((c&(1<<11)) != 0, XOP)
fs.setIf((c&(1<<16)) != 0, FMA4)
}
}
if maxExtendedFunction() >= 0x80000007 {
_, b, _, d := cpuid(0x80000007)
fs.setIf((b&(1<<0)) != 0, MCAOVERFLOW)
fs.setIf((b&(1<<1)) != 0, SUCCOR)
fs.setIf((b&(1<<2)) != 0, HWA)
fs.setIf((d&(1<<9)) != 0, CPBOOST)
}
if maxExtendedFunction() >= 0x80000008 {
_, b, _, _ := cpuid(0x80000008)
fs.setIf((b&(1<<9)) != 0, WBNOINVD)
fs.setIf((b&(1<<8)) != 0, MCOMMIT)
fs.setIf((b&(1<<13)) != 0, INT_WBINVD)
fs.setIf((b&(1<<4)) != 0, RDPRU)
fs.setIf((b&(1<<3)) != 0, INVLPGB)
fs.setIf((b&(1<<1)) != 0, MSRIRC)
fs.setIf((b&(1<<0)) != 0, CLZERO)
}
if fs.inSet(SVM) && maxExtendedFunction() >= 0x8000000A {
_, _, _, edx := cpuid(0x8000000A)
fs.setIf((edx>>0)&1 == 1, SVMNP)
fs.setIf((edx>>1)&1 == 1, LBRVIRT)
fs.setIf((edx>>2)&1 == 1, SVML)
fs.setIf((edx>>3)&1 == 1, NRIPS)
fs.setIf((edx>>4)&1 == 1, TSCRATEMSR)
fs.setIf((edx>>5)&1 == 1, VMCBCLEAN)
fs.setIf((edx>>6)&1 == 1, SVMFBASID)
fs.setIf((edx>>7)&1 == 1, SVMDA)
fs.setIf((edx>>10)&1 == 1, SVMPF)
fs.setIf((edx>>12)&1 == 1, SVMPFT)
}
if maxExtendedFunction() >= 0x8000001b && fs.inSet(IBS) {
eax, _, _, _ := cpuid(0x8000001b)
fs.setIf((eax>>0)&1 == 1, IBSFFV)
fs.setIf((eax>>1)&1 == 1, IBSFETCHSAM)
fs.setIf((eax>>2)&1 == 1, IBSOPSAM)
fs.setIf((eax>>3)&1 == 1, IBSRDWROPCNT)
fs.setIf((eax>>4)&1 == 1, IBSOPCNT)
fs.setIf((eax>>5)&1 == 1, IBSBRNTRGT)
fs.setIf((eax>>6)&1 == 1, IBSOPCNTEXT)
fs.setIf((eax>>7)&1 == 1, IBSRIPINVALIDCHK)
}
if maxExtendedFunction() >= 0x8000001f && vend == AMD {
a, _, _, _ := cpuid(0x8000001f)
fs.setIf((a>>0)&1 == 1, SME)
fs.setIf((a>>1)&1 == 1, SEV)
fs.setIf((a>>2)&1 == 1, MSR_PAGEFLUSH)
fs.setIf((a>>3)&1 == 1, SEV_ES)
fs.setIf((a>>4)&1 == 1, SEV_SNP)
fs.setIf((a>>5)&1 == 1, VMPL)
fs.setIf((a>>10)&1 == 1, SME_COHERENT)
fs.setIf((a>>11)&1 == 1, SEV_64BIT)
fs.setIf((a>>12)&1 == 1, SEV_RESTRICTED)
fs.setIf((a>>13)&1 == 1, SEV_ALTERNATIVE)
fs.setIf((a>>14)&1 == 1, SEV_DEBUGSWAP)
fs.setIf((a>>15)&1 == 1, IBS_PREVENTHOST)
fs.setIf((a>>16)&1 == 1, VTE)
fs.setIf((a>>24)&1 == 1, VMSA_REGPROT)
}
return fs
}
func valAsString(values ...uint32) []byte {
r := make([]byte, 4*len(values))
for i, v := range values {
dst := r[i*4:]
dst[0] = byte(v & 0xff)
dst[1] = byte((v >> 8) & 0xff)
dst[2] = byte((v >> 16) & 0xff)
dst[3] = byte((v >> 24) & 0xff)
switch {
case dst[0] == 0:
return r[:i*4]
case dst[1] == 0:
return r[:i*4+1]
case dst[2] == 0:
return r[:i*4+2]
case dst[3] == 0:
return r[:i*4+3]
}
}
return r
}
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