AdGuardHome/internal/dnsforward/config.go

package dnsforward

import (
	"crypto/tls"
	"crypto/x509"
	"fmt"
	"net"
	"net/netip"
	"os"
	"slices"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/AdguardTeam/AdGuardHome/internal/aghalg"
	"github.com/AdguardTeam/AdGuardHome/internal/aghhttp"
	"github.com/AdguardTeam/AdGuardHome/internal/aghnet"
	"github.com/AdguardTeam/AdGuardHome/internal/aghtls"
	"github.com/AdguardTeam/AdGuardHome/internal/client"
	"github.com/AdguardTeam/AdGuardHome/internal/filtering"
	"github.com/AdguardTeam/dnsproxy/proxy"
	"github.com/AdguardTeam/dnsproxy/upstream"
	"github.com/AdguardTeam/golibs/errors"
	"github.com/AdguardTeam/golibs/log"
	"github.com/AdguardTeam/golibs/netutil"
	"github.com/AdguardTeam/golibs/stringutil"
	"github.com/AdguardTeam/golibs/timeutil"
	"github.com/ameshkov/dnscrypt/v2"
)

// ClientsContainer provides information about preconfigured DNS clients.
type ClientsContainer interface {
	// UpstreamConfigByID returns the custom upstream configuration for the
	// client having id, using boot to initialize the one if necessary.  It
	// returns nil if there is no custom upstream configuration for the client.
	// The id is expected to be either a string representation of an IP address
	// or the ClientID.
	UpstreamConfigByID(
		id string,
		boot upstream.Resolver,
	) (conf *proxy.CustomUpstreamConfig, err error)
}

// Config represents the DNS filtering configuration of AdGuard Home.  The zero
// Config is empty and ready for use.
type Config struct {
	// Callbacks for other modules

	// FilterHandler is an optional additional filtering callback.
	FilterHandler func(cliAddr netip.Addr, clientID string, settings *filtering.Settings) `yaml:"-"`

	// ClientsContainer stores the information about special handling of some
	// DNS clients.
	ClientsContainer ClientsContainer `yaml:"-"`

	// Anti-DNS amplification

	// Ratelimit is the maximum number of requests per second from a given IP
	// (0 to disable).
	Ratelimit uint32 `yaml:"ratelimit"`

	// RatelimitSubnetLenIPv4 is a subnet length for IPv4 addresses used for
	// rate limiting requests.
	RatelimitSubnetLenIPv4 int `yaml:"ratelimit_subnet_len_ipv4"`

	// RatelimitSubnetLenIPv6 is a subnet length for IPv6 addresses used for
	// rate limiting requests.
	RatelimitSubnetLenIPv6 int `yaml:"ratelimit_subnet_len_ipv6"`

	// RatelimitWhitelist is the list of whitelisted client IP addresses.
	RatelimitWhitelist []netip.Addr `yaml:"ratelimit_whitelist"`

	// RefuseAny, if true, refuse ANY requests.
	RefuseAny bool `yaml:"refuse_any"`

	// Upstream DNS servers configuration

	// UpstreamDNS is the list of upstream DNS servers.
	UpstreamDNS []string `yaml:"upstream_dns"`

	// UpstreamDNSFileName, if set, points to the file which contains upstream
	// DNS servers.
	UpstreamDNSFileName string `yaml:"upstream_dns_file"`

	// BootstrapDNS is the list of bootstrap DNS servers for DoH and DoT
	// resolvers (plain DNS only).
	BootstrapDNS []string `yaml:"bootstrap_dns"`

	// FallbackDNS is the list of fallback DNS servers used when upstream DNS
	// servers are not responding.
	FallbackDNS []string `yaml:"fallback_dns"`

	// UpstreamMode determines the logic through which upstreams will be used.
	UpstreamMode UpstreamMode `yaml:"upstream_mode"`

	// FastestTimeout replaces the default timeout for dialing IP addresses
	// when FastestAddr is true.
	FastestTimeout timeutil.Duration `yaml:"fastest_timeout"`

	// Access settings

	// AllowedClients is the slice of IP addresses, CIDR networks, and
	// ClientIDs of allowed clients.  If not empty, only these clients are
	// allowed, and [Config.DisallowedClients] are ignored.
	AllowedClients []string `yaml:"allowed_clients"`

	// DisallowedClients is the slice of IP addresses, CIDR networks, and
	// ClientIDs of disallowed clients.
	DisallowedClients []string `yaml:"disallowed_clients"`

	// BlockedHosts is the list of hosts that should be blocked.
	BlockedHosts []string `yaml:"blocked_hosts"`

	// TrustedProxies is the list of CIDR networks with proxy servers addresses
	// from which the DoH requests should be handled.  The value of nil or an
	// empty slice for this field makes Proxy not trust any address.
	TrustedProxies []netutil.Prefix `yaml:"trusted_proxies"`

	// DNS cache settings

	// CacheSize is the DNS cache size (in bytes).
	CacheSize uint32 `yaml:"cache_size"`

	// CacheMinTTL is the override TTL value (minimum) received from upstream
	// server.
	CacheMinTTL uint32 `yaml:"cache_ttl_min"`

	// CacheMaxTTL is the override TTL value (maximum) received from upstream
	// server.
	CacheMaxTTL uint32 `yaml:"cache_ttl_max"`

	// CacheOptimistic defines if optimistic cache mechanism should be used.
	CacheOptimistic bool `yaml:"cache_optimistic"`

	// Other settings

	// BogusNXDomain is the list of IP addresses, responses with them will be
	// transformed to NXDOMAIN.
	BogusNXDomain []string `yaml:"bogus_nxdomain"`

	// AAAADisabled, if true, respond with an empty answer to all AAAA
	// requests.
	AAAADisabled bool `yaml:"aaaa_disabled"`

	// EnableDNSSEC, if true, set AD flag in outcoming DNS request.
	EnableDNSSEC bool `yaml:"enable_dnssec"`

	// EDNSClientSubnet is the settings list for EDNS Client Subnet.
	EDNSClientSubnet *EDNSClientSubnet `yaml:"edns_client_subnet"`

	// MaxGoroutines is the max number of parallel goroutines for processing
	// incoming requests.
	MaxGoroutines uint `yaml:"max_goroutines"`

	// HandleDDR, if true, handle DDR requests
	HandleDDR bool `yaml:"handle_ddr"`

	// IpsetList is the ipset configuration that allows AdGuard Home to add IP
	// addresses of the specified domain names to an ipset list.  Syntax:
	//
	//	DOMAIN[,DOMAIN].../IPSET_NAME
	//
	// This field is ignored if [IpsetListFileName] is set.
	IpsetList []string `yaml:"ipset"`

	// IpsetListFileName, if set, points to the file with ipset configuration.
	// The format is the same as in [IpsetList].
	IpsetListFileName string `yaml:"ipset_file"`

	// BootstrapPreferIPv6, if true, instructs the bootstrapper to prefer IPv6
	// addresses to IPv4 ones for DoH, DoQ, and DoT.
	BootstrapPreferIPv6 bool `yaml:"bootstrap_prefer_ipv6"`
}

// EDNSClientSubnet is the settings list for EDNS Client Subnet.
type EDNSClientSubnet struct {
	// CustomIP for EDNS Client Subnet.
	CustomIP netip.Addr `yaml:"custom_ip"`

	// Enabled defines if EDNS Client Subnet is enabled.
	Enabled bool `yaml:"enabled"`

	// UseCustom defines if CustomIP should be used.
	UseCustom bool `yaml:"use_custom"`
}

// TLSConfig is the TLS configuration for HTTPS, DNS-over-HTTPS, and DNS-over-TLS
type TLSConfig struct {
	cert tls.Certificate

	TLSListenAddrs   []*net.TCPAddr `yaml:"-" json:"-"`
	QUICListenAddrs  []*net.UDPAddr `yaml:"-" json:"-"`
	HTTPSListenAddrs []*net.TCPAddr `yaml:"-" json:"-"`

	// PEM-encoded certificates chain
	CertificateChain string `yaml:"certificate_chain" json:"certificate_chain"`
	// PEM-encoded private key
	PrivateKey string `yaml:"private_key" json:"private_key"`

	CertificatePath string `yaml:"certificate_path" json:"certificate_path"`
	PrivateKeyPath  string `yaml:"private_key_path" json:"private_key_path"`

	CertificateChainData []byte `yaml:"-" json:"-"`
	PrivateKeyData       []byte `yaml:"-" json:"-"`

	// ServerName is the hostname of the server.  Currently, it is only being
	// used for ClientID checking and Discovery of Designated Resolvers (DDR).
	ServerName string `yaml:"-" json:"-"`

	// DNS names from certificate (SAN) or CN value from Subject
	dnsNames []string

	// OverrideTLSCiphers, when set, contains the names of the cipher suites to
	// use.  If the slice is empty, the default safe suites are used.
	OverrideTLSCiphers []string `yaml:"override_tls_ciphers,omitempty" json:"-"`

	// StrictSNICheck controls if the connections with SNI mismatching the
	// certificate's ones should be rejected.
	StrictSNICheck bool `yaml:"strict_sni_check" json:"-"`

	// hasIPAddrs is set during the certificate parsing and is true if the
	// configured certificate contains at least a single IP address.
	hasIPAddrs bool
}

// DNSCryptConfig is the DNSCrypt server configuration struct.
type DNSCryptConfig struct {
	ResolverCert   *dnscrypt.Cert
	ProviderName   string
	UDPListenAddrs []*net.UDPAddr
	TCPListenAddrs []*net.TCPAddr
	Enabled        bool
}

// ServerConfig represents server configuration.
// The zero ServerConfig is empty and ready for use.
type ServerConfig struct {
	UDPListenAddrs []*net.UDPAddr        // UDP listen address
	TCPListenAddrs []*net.TCPAddr        // TCP listen address
	UpstreamConfig *proxy.UpstreamConfig // Upstream DNS servers config

	// AddrProcConf defines the configuration for the client IP processor.
	// If nil, [client.EmptyAddrProc] is used.
	//
	// TODO(a.garipov): The use of [client.EmptyAddrProc] is a crutch for tests.
	// Remove that.
	AddrProcConf *client.DefaultAddrProcConfig

	Config
	TLSConfig
	DNSCryptConfig
	TLSAllowUnencryptedDoH bool

	// UpstreamTimeout is the timeout for querying upstream servers.
	UpstreamTimeout time.Duration

	TLSv12Roots *x509.CertPool // list of root CAs for TLSv1.2

	// TLSCiphers are the IDs of TLS cipher suites to use.
	TLSCiphers []uint16

	// Called when the configuration is changed by HTTP request
	ConfigModified func()

	// Register an HTTP handler
	HTTPRegister aghhttp.RegisterFunc

	// LocalPTRResolvers is a slice of addresses to be used as upstreams for
	// resolving PTR queries for local addresses.
	LocalPTRResolvers []string

	// DNS64Prefixes is a slice of NAT64 prefixes to be used for DNS64.
	DNS64Prefixes []netip.Prefix

	// UsePrivateRDNS defines if the PTR requests for unknown addresses from
	// locally-served networks should be resolved via private PTR resolvers.
	UsePrivateRDNS bool

	// UseDNS64 defines if DNS64 is enabled for incoming requests.
	UseDNS64 bool

	// ServeHTTP3 defines if HTTP/3 is be allowed for incoming requests.
	ServeHTTP3 bool

	// UseHTTP3Upstreams defines if HTTP/3 is be allowed for DNS-over-HTTPS
	// upstreams.
	UseHTTP3Upstreams bool

	// ServePlainDNS defines if plain DNS is allowed for incoming requests.
	ServePlainDNS bool
}

// UpstreamMode is a enumeration of upstream mode representations.  See
// [proxy.UpstreamModeType].
type UpstreamMode string

const (
	UpstreamModeLoadBalance UpstreamMode = "load_balance"
	UpstreamModeParallel    UpstreamMode = "parallel"
	UpstreamModeFastestAddr UpstreamMode = "fastest_addr"
)

// newProxyConfig creates and validates configuration for the main proxy.
func (s *Server) newProxyConfig() (conf *proxy.Config, err error) {
	srvConf := s.conf
	trustedPrefixes := netutil.UnembedPrefixes(srvConf.TrustedProxies)

	conf = &proxy.Config{
		HTTP3:                  srvConf.ServeHTTP3,
		Ratelimit:              int(srvConf.Ratelimit),
		RatelimitSubnetLenIPv4: srvConf.RatelimitSubnetLenIPv4,
		RatelimitSubnetLenIPv6: srvConf.RatelimitSubnetLenIPv6,
		RatelimitWhitelist:     srvConf.RatelimitWhitelist,
		RefuseAny:              srvConf.RefuseAny,
		TrustedProxies:         netutil.SliceSubnetSet(trustedPrefixes),
		CacheMinTTL:            srvConf.CacheMinTTL,
		CacheMaxTTL:            srvConf.CacheMaxTTL,
		CacheOptimistic:        srvConf.CacheOptimistic,
		UpstreamConfig:         srvConf.UpstreamConfig,
		BeforeRequestHandler:   s.beforeRequestHandler,
		RequestHandler:         s.handleDNSRequest,
		HTTPSServerName:        aghhttp.UserAgent(),
		EnableEDNSClientSubnet: srvConf.EDNSClientSubnet.Enabled,
		MaxGoroutines:          srvConf.MaxGoroutines,
		UseDNS64:               srvConf.UseDNS64,
		DNS64Prefs:             srvConf.DNS64Prefixes,
	}

	if srvConf.EDNSClientSubnet.UseCustom {
		// TODO(s.chzhen):  Use netip.Addr instead of net.IP inside dnsproxy.
		conf.EDNSAddr = net.IP(srvConf.EDNSClientSubnet.CustomIP.AsSlice())
	}

	err = setProxyUpstreamMode(conf, srvConf.UpstreamMode, srvConf.FastestTimeout.Duration)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("upstream mode: %w", err)
	}

	conf.BogusNXDomain, err = parseBogusNXDOMAIN(srvConf.BogusNXDomain)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("bogus_nxdomain: %w", err)
	}

	err = s.prepareTLS(conf)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("validating tls: %w", err)
	}

	err = s.preparePlain(conf)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("validating plain: %w", err)
	}

	if c := srvConf.DNSCryptConfig; c.Enabled {
		conf.DNSCryptUDPListenAddr = c.UDPListenAddrs
		conf.DNSCryptTCPListenAddr = c.TCPListenAddrs
		conf.DNSCryptProviderName = c.ProviderName
		conf.DNSCryptResolverCert = c.ResolverCert
	}

	if conf.UpstreamConfig == nil || len(conf.UpstreamConfig.Upstreams) == 0 {
		return nil, errors.Error("no default upstream servers configured")
	}

	conf, err = prepareCacheConfig(conf,
		srvConf.CacheSize,
		srvConf.CacheMinTTL,
		srvConf.CacheMaxTTL,
	)
	if err != nil {
		// Don't wrap the error since it's informative enough as is.
		return nil, err
	}

	return conf, nil
}

// prepareCacheConfig prepares the cache configuration and returns an error if
// there is one.
func prepareCacheConfig(
	conf *proxy.Config,
	size uint32,
	minTTL uint32,
	maxTTL uint32,
) (prepared *proxy.Config, err error) {
	if size != 0 {
		conf.CacheEnabled = true
		conf.CacheSizeBytes = int(size)
	}

	err = validateCacheTTL(minTTL, maxTTL)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("validating cache ttl: %w", err)
	}

	return conf, nil
}

// parseBogusNXDOMAIN parses the bogus NXDOMAIN strings into valid subnets.
func parseBogusNXDOMAIN(confBogusNXDOMAIN []string) (subnets []netip.Prefix, err error) {
	for i, s := range confBogusNXDOMAIN {
		var subnet netip.Prefix
		subnet, err = aghnet.ParseSubnet(s)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("subnet at index %d: %w", i, err)
		}

		subnets = append(subnets, subnet)
	}

	return subnets, nil
}

const defaultBlockedResponseTTL = 3600

// initDefaultSettings initializes default settings if nothing
// is configured
func (s *Server) initDefaultSettings() {
	if len(s.conf.UpstreamDNS) == 0 {
		s.conf.UpstreamDNS = defaultDNS
	}

	if len(s.conf.BootstrapDNS) == 0 {
		s.conf.BootstrapDNS = defaultBootstrap
	}

	if s.conf.UDPListenAddrs == nil {
		s.conf.UDPListenAddrs = defaultUDPListenAddrs
	}

	if s.conf.TCPListenAddrs == nil {
		s.conf.TCPListenAddrs = defaultTCPListenAddrs
	}

	if len(s.conf.BlockedHosts) == 0 {
		s.conf.BlockedHosts = defaultBlockedHosts
	}

	if s.conf.UpstreamTimeout == 0 {
		s.conf.UpstreamTimeout = DefaultTimeout
	}
}

// prepareIpsetListSettings reads and prepares the ipset configuration either
// from a file or from the data in the configuration file.
func (s *Server) prepareIpsetListSettings() (err error) {
	fn := s.conf.IpsetListFileName
	if fn == "" {
		return s.ipset.init(s.conf.IpsetList)
	}

	// #nosec G304 -- Trust the path explicitly given by the user.
	data, err := os.ReadFile(fn)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	ipsets := stringutil.SplitTrimmed(string(data), "\n")

	log.Debug("dns: using %d ipset rules from file %q", len(ipsets), fn)

	return s.ipset.init(ipsets)
}

// collectListenAddr adds addrPort to addrs.  It also adds its port to
// unspecPorts if its address is unspecified.
func collectListenAddr(
	addrPort netip.AddrPort,
	addrs map[netip.AddrPort]unit,
	unspecPorts map[uint16]unit,
) {
	if addrPort == (netip.AddrPort{}) {
		return
	}

	addrs[addrPort] = unit{}
	if addrPort.Addr().IsUnspecified() {
		unspecPorts[addrPort.Port()] = unit{}
	}
}

// collectDNSAddrs returns configured set of listening addresses.  It also
// returns a set of ports of each unspecified listening address.
func (conf *ServerConfig) collectDNSAddrs() (addrs mapAddrPortSet, unspecPorts map[uint16]unit) {
	// TODO(e.burkov):  Perhaps, we shouldn't allocate as much memory, since the
	// TCP and UDP listening addresses are currently the same.
	addrs = make(map[netip.AddrPort]unit, len(conf.TCPListenAddrs)+len(conf.UDPListenAddrs))
	unspecPorts = map[uint16]unit{}

	for _, laddr := range conf.TCPListenAddrs {
		collectListenAddr(laddr.AddrPort(), addrs, unspecPorts)
	}

	for _, laddr := range conf.UDPListenAddrs {
		collectListenAddr(laddr.AddrPort(), addrs, unspecPorts)
	}

	return addrs, unspecPorts
}

// defaultPlainDNSPort is the default port for plain DNS.
const defaultPlainDNSPort uint16 = 53

// addrPortSet is a set of [netip.AddrPort] values.
type addrPortSet interface {
	// Has returns true if addrPort is in the set.
	Has(addrPort netip.AddrPort) (ok bool)
}

// type check
var _ addrPortSet = emptyAddrPortSet{}

// emptyAddrPortSet is the [addrPortSet] containing no values.
type emptyAddrPortSet struct{}

// Has implements the [addrPortSet] interface for [emptyAddrPortSet].
func (emptyAddrPortSet) Has(_ netip.AddrPort) (ok bool) { return false }

// mapAddrPortSet is the [addrPortSet] containing values of [netip.AddrPort] as
// keys of a map.
type mapAddrPortSet map[netip.AddrPort]unit

// type check
var _ addrPortSet = mapAddrPortSet{}

// Has implements the [addrPortSet] interface for [mapAddrPortSet].
func (m mapAddrPortSet) Has(addrPort netip.AddrPort) (ok bool) {
	_, ok = m[addrPort]

	return ok
}

// combinedAddrPortSet is the [addrPortSet] defined by some IP addresses along
// with ports, any combination of which is considered being in the set.
type combinedAddrPortSet struct {
	// TODO(e.burkov):  Use sorted slices in combination with binary search.
	ports map[uint16]unit
	addrs []netip.Addr
}

// type check
var _ addrPortSet = (*combinedAddrPortSet)(nil)

// Has implements the [addrPortSet] interface for [*combinedAddrPortSet].
func (m *combinedAddrPortSet) Has(addrPort netip.AddrPort) (ok bool) {
	_, ok = m.ports[addrPort.Port()]

	return ok && slices.Contains(m.addrs, addrPort.Addr())
}

// filterOut filters out all the upstreams that match um.  It returns all the
// closing errors joined.
func filterOutAddrs(upsConf *proxy.UpstreamConfig, set addrPortSet) (err error) {
	var errs []error
	delFunc := func(u upstream.Upstream) (ok bool) {
		// TODO(e.burkov):  We should probably consider the protocol of u to
		// only filter out the listening addresses of the same protocol.
		addr, parseErr := aghnet.ParseAddrPort(u.Address(), defaultPlainDNSPort)
		if parseErr != nil || !set.Has(addr) {
			// Don't filter out the upstream if it either cannot be parsed, or
			// does not match m.
			return false
		}

		errs = append(errs, u.Close())

		return true
	}

	upsConf.Upstreams = slices.DeleteFunc(upsConf.Upstreams, delFunc)
	for d, ups := range upsConf.DomainReservedUpstreams {
		upsConf.DomainReservedUpstreams[d] = slices.DeleteFunc(ups, delFunc)
	}
	for d, ups := range upsConf.SpecifiedDomainUpstreams {
		upsConf.SpecifiedDomainUpstreams[d] = slices.DeleteFunc(ups, delFunc)
	}

	return errors.Join(errs...)
}

// ourAddrsSet returns an addrPortSet that contains all the configured listening
// addresses.
func (conf *ServerConfig) ourAddrsSet() (m addrPortSet, err error) {
	addrs, unspecPorts := conf.collectDNSAddrs()
	switch {
	case len(addrs) == 0:
		log.Debug("dnsforward: no listen addresses")

		return emptyAddrPortSet{}, nil
	case len(unspecPorts) == 0:
		log.Debug("dnsforward: filtering out addresses %s", addrs)

		return addrs, nil
	default:
		var ifaceAddrs []netip.Addr
		ifaceAddrs, err = aghnet.CollectAllIfacesAddrs()
		if err != nil {
			// Don't wrap the error since it's informative enough as is.
			return nil, err
		}

		log.Debug("dnsforward: filtering out addresses %s on ports %d", ifaceAddrs, unspecPorts)

		return &combinedAddrPortSet{
			ports: unspecPorts,
			addrs: ifaceAddrs,
		}, nil
	}
}

// prepareTLS - prepares TLS configuration for the DNS proxy
func (s *Server) prepareTLS(proxyConfig *proxy.Config) (err error) {
	if len(s.conf.CertificateChainData) == 0 || len(s.conf.PrivateKeyData) == 0 {
		return nil
	}

	if s.conf.TLSListenAddrs == nil && s.conf.QUICListenAddrs == nil {
		return nil
	}

	proxyConfig.TLSListenAddr = aghalg.CoalesceSlice(
		s.conf.TLSListenAddrs,
		proxyConfig.TLSListenAddr,
	)

	proxyConfig.QUICListenAddr = aghalg.CoalesceSlice(
		s.conf.QUICListenAddrs,
		proxyConfig.QUICListenAddr,
	)

	s.conf.cert, err = tls.X509KeyPair(s.conf.CertificateChainData, s.conf.PrivateKeyData)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse TLS keypair: %w", err)
	}

	cert, err := x509.ParseCertificate(s.conf.cert.Certificate[0])
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("x509.ParseCertificate(): %w", err)
	}

	s.conf.hasIPAddrs = aghtls.CertificateHasIP(cert)

	if s.conf.StrictSNICheck {
		if len(cert.DNSNames) != 0 {
			s.conf.dnsNames = cert.DNSNames
			log.Debug("dns: using certificate's SAN as DNS names: %v", cert.DNSNames)
			slices.Sort(s.conf.dnsNames)
		} else {
			s.conf.dnsNames = append(s.conf.dnsNames, cert.Subject.CommonName)
			log.Debug("dns: using certificate's CN as DNS name: %s", cert.Subject.CommonName)
		}
	}

	proxyConfig.TLSConfig = &tls.Config{
		GetCertificate: s.onGetCertificate,
		CipherSuites:   s.conf.TLSCiphers,
		MinVersion:     tls.VersionTLS12,
	}

	return nil
}

// isWildcard returns true if host is a wildcard hostname.
func isWildcard(host string) (ok bool) {
	return strings.HasPrefix(host, "*.")
}

// matchesDomainWildcard returns true if host matches the domain wildcard
// pattern pat.
func matchesDomainWildcard(host, pat string) (ok bool) {
	return isWildcard(pat) && strings.HasSuffix(host, pat[1:])
}

// anyNameMatches returns true if sni, the client's SNI value, matches any of
// the DNS names and patterns from certificate.  dnsNames must be sorted.
func anyNameMatches(dnsNames []string, sni string) (ok bool) {
	// Check sni is either a valid hostname or a valid IP address.
	if netutil.ValidateHostname(sni) != nil && net.ParseIP(sni) == nil {
		return false
	}

	if _, ok = slices.BinarySearch(dnsNames, sni); ok {
		return true
	}

	for _, dn := range dnsNames {
		if matchesDomainWildcard(sni, dn) {
			return true
		}
	}

	return false
}

// Called by 'tls' package when Client Hello is received
// If the server name (from SNI) supplied by client is incorrect - we terminate the ongoing TLS handshake.
func (s *Server) onGetCertificate(ch *tls.ClientHelloInfo) (*tls.Certificate, error) {
	if s.conf.StrictSNICheck && !anyNameMatches(s.conf.dnsNames, ch.ServerName) {
		log.Info("dns: tls: unknown SNI in Client Hello: %s", ch.ServerName)
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid SNI")
	}
	return &s.conf.cert, nil
}

// preparePlain prepares the plain-DNS configuration for the DNS proxy.
// preparePlain assumes that prepareTLS has already been called.
func (s *Server) preparePlain(proxyConf *proxy.Config) (err error) {
	if s.conf.ServePlainDNS {
		proxyConf.UDPListenAddr = s.conf.UDPListenAddrs
		proxyConf.TCPListenAddr = s.conf.TCPListenAddrs

		return nil
	}

	lenEncrypted := len(proxyConf.DNSCryptTCPListenAddr) +
		len(proxyConf.DNSCryptUDPListenAddr) +
		len(proxyConf.HTTPSListenAddr) +
		len(proxyConf.QUICListenAddr) +
		len(proxyConf.TLSListenAddr)
	if lenEncrypted == 0 {
		// TODO(a.garipov): Support full disabling of all DNS.
		return errors.Error("disabling plain dns requires at least one encrypted protocol")
	}

	log.Info("dnsforward: warning: plain dns is disabled")

	return nil
}

// UpdatedProtectionStatus updates protection state, if the protection was
// disabled temporarily.  Returns the updated state of protection.
func (s *Server) UpdatedProtectionStatus() (enabled bool, disabledUntil *time.Time) {
	s.serverLock.RLock()
	defer s.serverLock.RUnlock()

	enabled, disabledUntil = s.dnsFilter.ProtectionStatus()
	if disabledUntil == nil {
		return enabled, nil
	}

	if time.Now().Before(*disabledUntil) {
		return false, disabledUntil
	}

	// Update the values in a separate goroutine, unless an update is already in
	// progress.  Since this method is called very often, and this update is a
	// relatively rare situation, do not lock s.serverLock for writing, as that
	// can lead to freezes.
	//
	// See https://github.com/AdguardTeam/AdGuardHome/issues/5661.
	if s.protectionUpdateInProgress.CompareAndSwap(false, true) {
		go s.enableProtectionAfterPause()
	}

	return true, nil
}

// enableProtectionAfterPause sets the protection configuration to enabled
// values.  It is intended to be used as a goroutine.
func (s *Server) enableProtectionAfterPause() {
	defer log.OnPanic("dns: enabling protection after pause")

	defer s.protectionUpdateInProgress.Store(false)

	defer s.conf.ConfigModified()

	s.serverLock.Lock()
	defer s.serverLock.Unlock()

	s.dnsFilter.SetProtectionStatus(true, nil)

	log.Info("dns: protection is restarted after pause")
}

// validateCacheTTL returns an error if the configuration of the cache TTL
// invalid.
//
// TODO(s.chzhen):  Move to dnsproxy.
func validateCacheTTL(minTTL, maxTTL uint32) (err error) {
	if minTTL == 0 && maxTTL == 0 {
		return nil
	}

	if maxTTL > 0 && minTTL > maxTTL {
		return errors.Error("cache_ttl_min must be less than or equal to cache_ttl_max")
	}

	return nil
}